Amobarbital

Amobarbital

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
License data	US FDA: Amobarbital
Routes of administration	Oral, IM, IV, Rectal
ATC code	N05CA02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	BR: Class B1 (Psychoactive drugs)[1] CA: Schedule IV DE: Anlage III (Special prescription form required) UK: Class B US: Schedule II / Schedule III UN: Psychotropic Schedule III SE: Förteckning IV
Pharmacokinetic data
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	8–42 hours
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name 5-ethyl-5-(3-methylbutyl)-1,3-diazinane-2,4,6-trione
CAS Number	57-43-2 Y 64-43-7 (sodium salt)
PubChem CID	2164
DrugBank	DB01351 Y
ChemSpider	2079 Y
UNII	GWH6IJ239E
KEGG	D00555 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:2673 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL267894 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9020081
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.300
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C11H18N2O3
Molar mass	226.276 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1(CCC(C)C)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C11H18N2O3/c1-4-11(6-5-7(2)3)8(14)12-10(16)13-9(11)15/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3,(H2,12,13,14,15,16) Y Key:VIROVYVQCGLCII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
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Amobarbital (formerly known as amylobarbitone or sodium amytal as the soluble sodium salt) is a drug that is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative-hypnotic properties. It is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a slightly bitter taste. It was first synthesized in Germany in 1923. It is considered a short to intermediate acting barbiturate.^{[citation needed]}

If amobarbital is taken for extended periods of time, physiological and psychological dependence can develop. Amobarbital withdrawal mimics delirium tremens and may be life-threatening. Amobarbital was manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company in the US under the brand name Amytal in bright blue bullet shaped capsules (known as Pulvules) or pink tablets (known as Diskets)^[2] containing 50, 100, or 200 milligrams of the drug. The drug was also manufactured generically.

Amobarbital was widely misused, known as "Blue Heavens" on the street. Amytal, as well as Tuinal, a combination drug containing equal quantities of secobarbital and amobarbital, were both manufactured by Eli Lilly until the late 1990s. However, as the popularity of benzodiazepines increased, prescriptions for these medications became increasingly rare beginning in the mid to late 1980s.