Analytic philosophy

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Analytic philosophy is an analysis focused, broad, contemporary movement or tradition within Western philosophy, especially anglophone philosophy.[a][b] Analytic philosophy is characterized by a clarity of prose; rigor in arguments; and making use of formal logic and mathematics, and, to a lesser degree, the natural sciences.[3][4][c][d][e] It is further characterized by an interest in language and meaning known as the linguistic turn.[8][f][g][h] It has developed several new branches of philosophy and logic, notably philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of science, modern predicate logic and mathematical logic.[12]

The proliferation of analysis in philosophy began around the turn of the 20th century and has been dominant since the latter half of the 20th century.[13][14][15][i] Central figures in its historical development are Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, G. E. Moore, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Other important figures in its history include Franz Brentano, the logical positivists (particularly Rudolf Carnap), the ordinary language philosophers, W. V. O. Quine, and Karl Popper. After the decline of logical positivism, Saul Kripke, David Lewis, and others led a revival in metaphysics.

Analytic philosophy is often contrasted with continental philosophy,[j] which was coined as a catch-all term for other methods that were prominent in continental Europe,[k] most notably existentialism, phenomenology, and Hegelianism.[l][m][n] There is widespread influence and debate between the analytic and continental traditions; some philosophers see the differences between the two traditions as being based on institutions, relationships, and ideology, rather than anything of significant philosophical substance.[22][23] The distinction has also been drawn between "analytic" being academic or technical philosophy and "continental" being literary philosophy.[o][p]

  1. ^ Martinich, A. P.; Sosa, David, eds. (2001). A Companion to Analytic Philosophy. Blackwell Companions to Philosophy. Blackwell Publishers Ltd. doi:10.1002/9780470998656. ISBN 978-0-631-21415-1.
  2. ^ John Searle (2003), Contemporary Philosophy in the United States in N. Bunnin and E. P. Tsui-James (eds.), The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy, 2nd ed., (Blackwell, 2003), p. 1.
  3. ^ Glock, H.J. (2004). "Was Wittgenstein an Analytic Philosopher?". Metaphilosophy. 35 (4): 419–444. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9973.2004.00329.x.
  4. ^ Mautner, Thomas (editor) (2005) The Penguin Dictionary of Philosophy, entry for "Analytic philosophy", pp. 22–23
  5. ^ a b c Brian Leiter (2006) webpage "Analytic" and "Continental" Philosophy
  6. ^ Colin McGinn, The Making of a Philosopher: My Journey through Twentieth-Century Philosophy (HarperCollins, 2002), p. xi.
  7. ^ Soames, Scott (2003). The dawn of analysis (2nd print., 1st papers. print ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press. pp. xiii–xvii. ISBN 978-0-691-11573-3.
  8. ^ Dummett 1993, p. 4, 22
  9. ^ See, e.g., Avrum Stroll, Twentieth-Century Analytic Philosophy (Columbia University Press, 2000), p. 5
  10. ^ see Stroll (2000), p. 7
  11. ^ See Hans-Johann Glock, What Is Analytic Philosophy? (Cambridge University Press, 2008), p. 205
  12. ^ Koopman, Colin. "Bernard Williams on Philosophy's Need for History" (PDF). pages.uoregon.edu. Retrieved 1 March 2022.
  13. ^ Vienne, J.M. (1997). Philosophie analytique et histoire de la philosophie: actes du colloque (Université de Nantes, 1991). Problèmes et controverses (in French). J. Vrin. p. 140. ISBN 978-2-7116-1312-0. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  14. ^ Luft, S. (2019). Philosophie lehren: Ein Buch zur philosophischen Hochschuldidaktik (in German). Felix Meiner Verlag. p. 258. ISBN 978-3-7873-3766-8. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  15. ^ Glock, H.J. (2008). What is Analytic Philosophy?. Cambridge University Press. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-521-87267-6. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  16. ^ a b c "Analytic Philosophy Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy". Iep.utm.edu. Archived from the original on 3 July 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  17. ^ H.-J. Glock, What Is Analytic Philosophy? (Cambridge University Press, 2008), p. 86
  18. ^ Critchley, Simon (2001). Continental philosophy a very short introduction. Oxford University Press. OCLC 1200924441.
  19. ^ A.C. Grayling (ed.), Philosophy 2: Further through the Subject (Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 2
  20. ^ L.J. Cohen, The Dialogue of Reason: An Analysis of Analytical Philosophy (Oxford University Press, 1986), p. 5:
  21. ^ Hales, Steven D. (2002). Analytic philosophy : classic readings. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. pp. 1–10. ISBN 978-0-534-51277-4.
  22. ^ Rinofner-Kreidl, S.; Wiltsche, H.A. (2016). Analytic and Continental Philosophy: Methods and Perspectives. Proceedings of the 37th International Wittgenstein Symposium. Publications of the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society – New Series. De Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-044887-0. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  23. ^ Glock, H.J. (2008). What is Analytic Philosophy?. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87267-6. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  24. ^ Luchte, James (3 November 2011). Nietzsche's Thus Spoke Zarathustra: Before Sunrise. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4411-1845-5.
  25. ^ Glock, H.J. (2008). What is Analytic Philosophy?. Cambridge University Press. p. 231. ISBN 978-0-521-87267-6. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  26. ^ Akehurst, Thomas L. (1 March 2009). "Writing history for the ahistorical: Analytic philosophy and its past". History of European Ideas. 35 (1): 116–121. doi:10.1016/j.histeuroideas.2008.09.002. ISSN 0191-6599. S2CID 143566283.
  27. ^ Beaney, Michael (20 June 2013). Beaney, Michael (ed.). "The Historiography of Analytic Philosophy". The Oxford Handbook of The History of Analytic Philosophy. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199238842.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-923884-2. Retrieved 18 February 2022.


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