Extinct archaeogenetic lineage
Figure 2. Schematic illustration of maternal (mtDNA) gene-flow in and out of Beringia (long chronology, single source model).
The Ancient Beringian (AB) is a human archaeogenetic lineage, based on the genome of an infant found at the Upward Sun River site (dubbed USR1), dated to 11,500 years ago.[1] The AB lineage diverged from the Ancestral Native American (ANA) lineage about 20,000 years ago. The ANA lineage was estimated as having been formed between 20,000 and 25,000 years ago by a mixture of East Asian (~56–68%) and Ancient North Eurasian (~32–44%) lineages, consistent with the model of the peopling of the Americas via Beringia during the Last Glacial Maximum .[2] [3] [4]
^ Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor; Potter, Ben A.; Vinner, Lasse; Steinrücken, Matthias; Rasmussen, Simon; Terhorst, Jonathan; Kamm, John A.; Albrechtsen, Anders; Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo; Sikora, Martin; Reuther, Joshua D.; Irish, Joel D.; Malhi, Ripan S.; Orlando, Ludovic; Song, Yun S.; Nielsen, Rasmus; Meltzer, David J.; Willerslev, Eske (2018), "Terminal Pleistocene Alaskan genome reveals first founding population of Native Americans" , Nature , 553 (7687), Macmillan Publishers Limited: 203–207, Bibcode :2018Natur.553..203M , doi :10.1038/nature25173 , PMID 29323294 , S2CID 4454580 , retrieved January 3, 2018
^ Confidence intervals given in Moreno-Mayar et al. (2018):
26.1-23-9 kya for the separation of the East Asian lineage of ANA from modern East Asian populations;
25-20 kya for the admixture event of ANE and early East Asian lineages ancestral to ANA;
22.0-18.1 kya for the separation of Ancient Beringian from other Paleo-Indian lineages;
17.5-14.6 kya for the separation of Paleo Indian into North Native Americans (NNA) and South Native Americans (SNA).
^ Gill, Haechan; Lee, Juhyeon; Jeong, Choongwon (2024-04-02). "Reconstructing the Genetic Relationship between Ancient and Present-Day Siberian Populations" . Genome Biology and Evolution . 16 (4): evae063. doi :10.1093/gbe/evae063 . ISSN 1759-6653 . PMC 10999361 . PMID 38526010 .
^ Posth, Cosimo; Nakatsuka, Nathan; Lazaridis, Iosif; Skoglund, Pontus; Mallick, Swapan; Lamnidis, Thiseas C.; Rohland, Nadin; Nägele, Kathrin; Adamski, Nicole; Bertolini, Emilie; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Cooper, Alan; Culleton, Brendan J.; Ferraz, Tiago; Ferry, Matthew (2018-11-15). "Reconstructing the Deep Population History of Central and South America" . Cell . 175 (5): 1185–1197.e22. doi :10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.027 . ISSN 0092-8674 . PMC 6327247 . PMID 30415837 .