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Andrey Andreyevich Vlasov | |
|---|---|
Андрéй Андрéевич Влáсов | |
 | |
| Chairman of the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia | |
| In office 14 November 1944 – May 1945 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Mikhail Meandrov[1] |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 14, 1901 Lomakino, Nizhny Novgorod Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | August 1, 1946 (aged 44) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Political party | All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (1930–1942) Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia (1944–1946) |
| Awards |
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| Signature |  |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Russian SFSR(1919–1922)  Soviet Union(1922–1942)  Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia(1945) |
| Years of service | 1920–1942; 1945 |
| Rank | Lieutenant general |
| Commands | |
| Battles/wars | |
Andrey Andreyevich Vlasov (Russian: Андрей Андреевич Власов, September 14 [O.S. September 1] 1901 – 1 August 1946) was a Soviet Russian Red Army general. During the Axis-Soviet campaigns of World War II he fought (1941–1942) against the Wehrmacht in the Battle of Moscow and later was captured attempting to lift the siege of Leningrad. After his capture he defected to the Third Reich and nominally headed the collaborationist Russian Liberation Army (Russkaya osvoboditel'naya armiya, ROA), also becoming the political leader of the Russian collaborationist anti-Soviet movement. Initially this army existed only on paper and was used by Germans to goad Red Army troops to surrender, while any political and military activities were officially forbidden to him by the Nazis after his visits to the occupied territory;[2] only in November 1944 did Heinrich Himmler, aware of Germany's shortage of manpower, arrange for Vlasov formations composed of Soviet prisoners of war as armed forces of Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia, a political organisation headed by Vlasov. While for the Nazis the ROA was a mere propaganda weapon, Vlasov and his associates attempted to create an armed political movement independent of the Nazi control that would present an anti-Stalinist program described by Robert Conquest as "democratic"[3] while attempting to avoid Nazi antisemitism and chauvinism, with "completing the Revolution" of 1917 being the ultimate goal of the movement.[2] In January 1945, Vlasov headed the army as it was declared that it would be no longer a part of Wehrmacht. At the war's end, the 1st division of ROA aided the May 1945 Prague uprising against the Germans. Vlasov and the ROA were captured by Soviet forces with the United States' assistance. Vlasov was tortured,[4] and hanged for treason after a secret trial.
After his death, his figure and his movement became objects of various narratives in memory politics and historiography.
- ^ Михаил Алексеевич Меандров. Штрихи к портрету // К. М. Александров. Против Сталина. Сборник статей и материалов. СПб, 2003.
- ^ a b Catherine Andreev (1987). Vlasov and the Russian Liberation Movement: Soviet Reality and Emigré Theories. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780511523571.
- ^ The Great Terror: A Reassessment. Oxford University Press. 1990. ISBN 978-0-19-507132-0.
- ^ Gordievsky & Andrew (1990). KGB : The Inside Story. Hodder & Stoughton Ltd. p. 343. ISBN 0340485612.