Ankara | |
|---|---|
 Flag  Emblem | |
| Nickname(s): Heart of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye'nin Kalbi) | |
  Ankara Location within Turkey  Ankara Ankara (Asia) | |
| Coordinates: 39°55′48″N 32°51′00″E / 39.93000°N 32.85000°E | |
| Country |  Turkey |
| Region | Central Anatolia |
| Province | Ankara |
| Districts | 25 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Mansur Yavaş (CHP) |
| • Governor | Vasip Şahin |
| Area | |
| • Urban | 4,130.2 km2 (1,594.7 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 25,632 km2 (9,897 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 938 m (3,077 ft) |
| Population (31 December 2023)[5] | |
| 5,803,482 | |
| • Rank | 2nd in Turkey |
| • Urban | 5,165,783 |
| • Urban density | 1,251/km2 (3,240/sq mi) |
| • Metro density | 237/km2 (610/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Ankaran (Turkish: Ankaralı) |
| GDP (nominal, 2022) | |
| • Capital city and metropolitan municipality | ₺ 1,330 billion US$ 81 billion |
| • Per capita | ₺ 230,677 US$ 13,919 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 06xxx |
| Area code | +90 312 |
| Vehicle registration | 06 |
| Website | www www |
Ankara[b] is the capital city of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and 5.8 million in Ankara Province.[5][4] Ankara is Turkey's second-largest city after Istanbul by population, first by urban area (4,130 km2), and third by metro area (25,632 km2).
Serving as the capital of the ancient Celtic state of Galatia (280–64 BC), and later of the Roman province with the same name (25 BC–7th century), Ankara has various Hattian, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatian, Greek, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman archeological sites. Ankara was historically known as Ancyra[c] and Angora.[d][16] The Ottomans made the city the capital first of the Anatolia Eyalet (1393 – late 15th century) and then the Angora Eyalet (1827–1864) and the Angora Vilayet (1867–1922).
The historical center of Ankara is a rocky hill rising 150 m (500 ft) over the left bank of the Ankara River, a tributary of the Sakarya River. The hill remains crowned by the ruins of Ankara Castle. Although few of its outworks have survived, there are well-preserved examples of Roman and Ottoman architecture throughout the city, the most remarkable being the 20 BC Temple of Augustus and Rome that boasts the Monumentum Ancyranum, the inscription recording the Res Gestae Divi Augusti.[17]
On 23 April 1920, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey was established in Ankara, which became the headquarters of the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence. Ankara became the new Turkish capital upon the establishment of the Republic on 29 October 1923, succeeding in this role as the former Turkish capital Istanbul following the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The government is a prominent employer, but Ankara is also an important commercial and industrial city located at the center of Turkey's road and railway networks. The city gave its name to the Angora wool shorn from Angora rabbits, the long-haired Angora goat (the source of mohair), and the Angora cat. The area is also known for its pears, honey and Muscat grapes. Although situated in one of the driest regions of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation (except for the forested areas on the southern periphery), Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant, at 72 square meters (775 square feet) per head.[18]
- ^ İlker, Alan; Zerrin, Demirörs; Rüya, Bayar; Kerime, Karabacak (10 June 2020). "The Case Of Ankara Province (25,653.46 km²)". Ankara University (www.ankara.edu.tr). International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE), 42; pg.650–667.
- ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz Ölçümleri – Ankara Province (25,632 km²)". www.harita.gov.tr. Harita Genel Müdürlüğü (HGM). 2014.
- ^ a b "Gölbaşı (1,508.61 km²) – Ankara Province (25,575.94 km²) (pg.3)" (PDF). www.csb.gov.tr. T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı. 2020.
- ^ a b c "Ankara City: the population and area of the districts". CityPopulation.de.
- ^ a b "The Results of Address Based Population Registration System, 2023". www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. 6 February 2024. Retrieved 11 August 2024.
- ^ "Nüfus ve Demografi – Toplam Nüfus" (the year is updated). www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
- ^ "Ulusal Hesaplar – Kişi başına GSYH ($) [National Accounts – GDP per capita ($)]" (GDP calculated gdp per capita*population). www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ^ "Gross Domestic Product by Provinces, 2022 (Tables 1 and 3)". www.tuik.gov.tr. Turkish Statistical Institute. 7 December 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
- ^ "Ankara". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020.
- ^ "Ankara". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ a b c "Ankara". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ a b "Ankara". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
- ^ "Kısaltmalar Dizelgesi".
- ^ "Angora" Archived 30 May 2019 at the Wayback Machine (US) and "Angora". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020.
- ^ Lord Kinross (1965). Ataturk: A Biography of Mustafa Kemal, Father of Modern Turkey. William Morrow and Company. Archived from the original on 29 May 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
- ^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 40–41.
- ^ "Municipality of Ankara: Green areas per head". Ankara.bel.tr. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
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