Ankylosauria

Ankylosaurs Temporal range: Middle Jurassic—Late Cretaceous, Bathonian–Maastrichtian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Possible Sinemurian-Pliensbachian record[1]
Collection of ankylosaurs. From top left to right: Liaoningosaurus, Edmontonia, Tianzhenosaurus, Gargoyleosaurus, Scolosaurus, Denversaurus, Gastonia, Borealopelta and Akainacephalus.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	†Ornithischia
Clade:	†Thyreophora
Clade:	†Eurypoda
Clade:	†Ankylosauria Osborn, 1923
Subgroups
Parankylosauria Euankylosauria Soto-Acuña et al., 2021[2] Ankylosauridae Nodosauridae Genera of uncertain affinity Cryptosaurus Dracopelta Minmi[3][4] Mymoorapelta Sarcolestes Serendipaceratops? Sinankylosaurus Spicomellus Stegosaurides? Tianchisaurus Vectipelta
Synonyms[5]
Ankylosauromorpha Carpenter, 2001

Ankylosauria is a group of herbivorous dinosaurs of the clade Ornithischia. It includes the great majority of dinosaurs with armor in the form of bony osteoderms, similar to turtles. Ankylosaurs were bulky quadrupeds, with short, powerful limbs. They are known to have first appeared in North Africa during the Middle Jurassic, and persisted until the end of the Late Cretaceous. The two main families of ankylosaurians, Nodosauridae and Ankylosauridae are primarily known from the Northern Hemisphere (North America, Europe and Asia), but the more basal Parankylosauria are known from southern Gondwana (South America, Australia and Antarctica) during the Cretaceous.

Ankylosauria was first named by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1923.^[6] In the Linnaean classification system, the group is usually considered either a suborder or an infraorder. It is contained within the group Thyreophora, which also includes the stegosaurs, armored dinosaurs known for their combination of plates and spikes.