| Autoantibody | |
|---|---|
| Anti-transglutaminase | |
| Common autoantibody characteristics | |
| Autoantibody class | IgA, IgG |
| DQ2.5 | |
| HLA associations | DQ8 |
| DQ2.2/DQ7.5 | |
| Associated T-Cell restrictions |
DQ/gliadin, DQ/deamidated-gliadin |
| Triggering agent(s) |
Triticeae glutens (Prolamins and Glutelins) |
| Isoform specific | |
| autoantibody characteristics | |
| Autoantigen Isoform |
Tissue transglutaminase |
| Autoantigen Gene | TGM2 |
| Affected Organ(s) | Intestine (small) |
| Affected Tissue(s) | Villi |
| Affected Cells(s) | Epithelial Cells |
| Also Affected | Epithelial matrix |
| Associated Disease(s) |
Celiac disease |
| Triggering agent |
& Gastrointestinal viruses |
| Autoantigen Isoform |
Epidermal transglutaminase |
| Autoantigen Gene | TGM3 |
| Affected Organ(s) | Skin |
| Associated Disease(s) |
Dermatitis herpetiformis |
Anti-transglutaminase antibodies (ATA) are autoantibodies against the transglutaminase protein. Detection is considered abnormal, and may indicate one of several conditions.
Antibodies serve an important role in the immune system by detecting cells and substances that the rest of the immune system then eliminates. These cells and substances can be foreign (for example, viruses) and also can be produced by the body (for example, cancer cells). Antibodies against the body's own products are called autoantibodies. Autoantibodies can sometimes errantly be directed against healthy portions of the organism, causing autoimmune diseases.
ATA can be classified according to 2 different schemes: transglutaminase isoform and immunoglobulin reactivity subclass (IgA, IgG) toward transglutaminases.