אנטיפטריס | |
 | |
  Shown within Central Israel  Antipatris (Israel) | |
| Alternative name | Tel Afek, and Kŭlảt Râs el ’Ain, the castle of the spring-head[1] |
|---|---|
| Location | Central District, Israel |
| Region | Levant |
| Coordinates | 32°06′18″N 34°55′49.5″E / 32.10500°N 34.930417°E |
| Grid position | 144/167 PAL |
| Type | Settlement |
| Site notes | |
| Condition | In ruins |
Antipatris /ænˈtɪpətrɪs/ (Hebrew: אנטיפטריס, Ancient Greek: Αντιπατρίς)[2] was a city built during the first century BC by Herod the Great, who named it in honour of his father, Antipater. The site, now a national park in central Israel, was inhabited from the Chalcolithic Period to the late Roman Period.[3] The remains of Antipatris are known today as Tel Afek (תל אפק), although formerly as Kŭlat Râs el 'Ain. It has been identified as either the tower of Aphek mentioned by Josephus,[4] or the biblical Aphek, best known from the story of the Battle of Aphek. During the Crusader Period the site was known as Surdi fontes, "Silent springs". The Ottoman fortress known as Binar Bashi or Ras al-Ayn was built there in the 16th century.
Antipatris/Tel Afek lies at the strong perennial springs of the Yarkon River, which throughout history has created an obstacle between the hill country to the east and the Mediterranean to the west, forcing travellers and armies to pass through the narrow pass between the springs and the foothills of Samaria. This gave the location of Antipatris/Tel Afek its strategic importance.
Antipatris was situated on the Roman road from Caesarea Maritima to Jerusalem, north of the town of Lydda where the road turned eastwards towards Jerusalem.[5] During the British Mandate, a water pumping station was built there to channel water from the Yarkon to Jerusalem.[6]
Today the remains of Antipatris are located roughly between Petah Tikva and the towns of Kafr Qasim and Rosh HaAyin (literally "headspring"), south of Hod HaSharon.[7]
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 216
- ^ Hebrew spelling based on Tosefta (Demai 1:11), although in the Mishnah (Gittin 7:7, et al.) it is often spelt אנטיפרס.
- ^ Kochavi, 1997, pp. 147-151
- ^ Josephus, The Jewish War 2.19.1
- ^
Easton, Matthew George (1897). Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Yarkon and Tel Afek National Park Archived 2016-04-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Aphek | Pictures from the Holyland".
