Antisemitism in Soviet mathematics

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Antisemitism in Soviet mathematics was a manifestation of hostility, prejudice and discrimination in the Soviet Union towards Jews in the scientific and educational environment related to mathematics.

According to numerous testimonies and facts, from the second half of the 1960s to the beginning of the 1980s, Jews studying or working in the field of mathematics in the USSR were discriminated against when entering universities, postgraduate studies and work, when defending their dissertations, when trying to publish an article or book, when traveling to scientific conferences and abroad.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

Academicians Ivan Vinogradov, Lev Pontryagin and a number of others, who for a long time led and determined policy in Soviet mathematics, were accused by contemporaries of carrying out antisemitic policies.^{[2][6][7][8][9][10][11]} This has caused several international scandals. Pontryagin himself denied these accusations.^[12]

Discrimination became one of the reasons for the mass emigration of Jewish mathematicians from the USSR.^{[4][13][14][15]} Due to possible emigration, Jews in the USSR were often viewed as disloyal citizens, although discrimination preceded emigration, and not vice versa.^[15][16]