Order of eudicot flowering plants in the asterid group
The Apiales are an order of flowering plants . The families are those recognized in the APG III system .[ 1] This is typical of the newer classifications , though there is some slight variation and in particular, the Torriceliaceae may also be divided.[ 2]
Under this definition, well-known members include carrots , celery , parsley , and Hedera helix (English ivy).
The order Apiales is placed within the asterid group of eudicots as circumscribed by the APG III system.[ 1] Within the asterids, Apiales belongs to an unranked group called the campanulids ,[ 3] and within the campanulids, it belongs to a clade known in phylogenetic nomenclature as Apiidae .[ 4] In 2010, a subclade of Apiidae named Dipsapiidae was defined to consist of the three orders: Apiales, Paracryphiales , and Dipsacales .[ 5]
^ a b c d Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society . 161 (2): 105–121. doi :10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x . hdl :10654/18083 .
^ Plunkett, Gregory M.; Chandler, Gregory T.; Lowry, Porter P.; Pinney, Steven M.; Sprenkle, Taylor S. (2004). "Recent advances in understanding Apiales and a revised classification" . South African Journal of Botany . 70 (3): 371–381. doi :10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30220-9 .
^ Winkworth, Richard C.; Lundberg, Johannes; Donoghue, Michael J. (2008). "Toward a resolution of Campanulid phylogeny, with special reference to the placement of Dipsacales". Taxon . 57 (1): 53–65.
^ Philip D. Cantino; James A. Doyle; Sean W. Graham; Walter S. Judd; Richard G. Olmstead; Douglas E. Soltis ; Pamela S. Soltis ; Michael J. Donoghue (2007). "Towards a phylogenetic nomenclature of Tracheophyta " (PDF) . Taxon . 56 (3): 822–846. doi :10.2307/25065865 . JSTOR 25065865 .
^ Tank, D. C.; Donoghue, M. J. (2010). "Phylogeny and Phylogenetic Nomenclature of the Campanulidae based on an Expanded Sample of Genes and Taxa". Systematic Botany . 35 (2): 425. doi :10.1600/036364410791638306 . S2CID 27856073 .