Application of Sharia by country

Sharia means Islamic law based on Islamic concepts based from Quran and Hadith. Since the early Islamic states of the eighth and ninth centuries, Sharia always existed alongside other normative systems.[1]

Historically, Sharia was interpreted by independent jurists (muftis), based on Islamic scriptural sources and various legal methodologies.[2] In the modern era, statutes inspired by European codes replaced traditional laws in most parts of the Muslim world, with classical Sharia rules retained mainly in personal status laws. Countries such as Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have islam as their state religion, but haven’t implemented sharia law fully.[2][3] These laws were codified by legislative bodies which sought to modernize them without abandoning their foundations in traditional jurisprudence.[2][4] The Islamic revival of the late 20th century brought along calls by Islamist movements for full implementation of Sharia, including hudud capital punishments, such as stoning, which in some cases resulted in traditionalist legal reform.[2][4] Some countries with Muslim minorities use Sharia-based laws to regulate banking, economics, inheritance, marriage and other governmental and personal affairs of their Muslim population. The use of Sharia in non-Muslim countries and on non-Muslims is debated.

  1. ^ Otto, Jan Michiel (2009). Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. Leiden: Leiden University Press. pp. 615–16. ISBN 978-9087280574. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
  2. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference vikor was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Otto, Jan Michiel (2008). Sharia and National Law in Muslim Countries: Tensions and Opportunities for Dutch and EU Foreign Policy (PDF). Amsterdam University Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-9087280482. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference mayer was invoked but never defined (see the help page).