Ar-Rahman

For other uses, see Al rahman (disambiguation), Rahman (name), and A. R. Rahman.
Surah 55 of the Quran
ٱلرَّحْمَانِ‎
Ar-Rahman
Rahman
ClassificationMedinan
Other namesMost Gracious
PositionJuzʼ 27
No. of verses78
No. of Rukus3
No. of words352
No. of letters1585
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Ar-Rahman[1] (Arabic: ٱلرَّحْمَانِ, ar-raḥmān; meaning: The Merciful;[2] Most Gracious;[3] Most Merciful [4]) is the 55th Chapter (Surah) of the Qur'an, with 78 verses (āyāt).

The title of the surah, Ar-Rahman, appears in verse 1 and means "The Most Beneficent". The divine appellation "ar-Rahman" also appears in the opening formula which precedes every surah except Sura 9 ("In the Name of God, the Lord of Mercy, the Giver of Mercy"). English translations of the surah's title include "The Most Gracious",[5] "The All Merciful",[6] "The Lord of Mercy",[7] "The Beneficent", and "The Mercy-Giving". In the fourth century CE south Arabian pagan inscriptions started to be replaced by monotheistic expressions, using the term rahmān.[8]

There is disagreement over whether Ar-Rahman ought to be categorized as a surah of the Meccan or Medinan period. Theodor Nöldeke and Carl Ernst have categorized it among the surahs of the early Meccan period (in accordance with its short ayah length), but Abdel Haleem has categorized it in his translation as Medinan,[9][10] although most Muslim scholars place Sūrat ar-Rahman in the Meccan period.[11][12] According to the traditional Egyptian chronology, Ar-Rahman was the 97th surah revealed.[13] Nöldeke places it earlier, at 43,[14] while Ernst suggests that it was the fifth surah revealed.[15]

  • ۞ 1-4 God taught the Quran to the human.
  • 5-16 God the creator of all things.
  • 17-25 God controlled the seas and all that is therein
  • 26-30 God ever liveth, though all else decay and die
  • 31-40 God will certainly judge both men and jinn
  • 41-45 God will consign the wicked to hell-fire
  • 46-78 The joys of Paradise described [16]
Ar-Rahman 1-15

(55:1) The Most Compassionate... (55:3-4) created humanity, (and) taught them speech. (55:5, 7, 10) The sun and the moon (travel) with precision... As for the sky, He raised it (high), and set the balance (of justice), He laid out the earth for all beings.

(55:16) Then which of your Lord’s favours will you (humans and jinn) both deny?

Al-Qur'an, Juz 27

  1. ^ Ibn Kathir. "Tafsir Ibn Kathir (English): Surah Al Rahman". Quran 4 U. Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  2. ^ George Sale translation
  3. ^ Muhammad Asad translation
  4. ^ Saheeh International
  5. ^ The Message of the Qur’an, English edition, Muhammad Asad (The Book Foundation)
  6. ^ The Koran, trans. A. J. Arberry (Oxford Islamic Studies Online), Q55.
  7. ^ The Qur’an, trans. M. A. S. Abdel Haleem (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010), 353.
  8. ^ Robert Schick, Archaeology and the Quran, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an
  9. ^ Haleem, The Qur’an, 353.
  10. ^ Theodor Nöldeke: Geschichte des Qorans. Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, Göttingen, 1860, pp. 107-108 ff.
  11. ^ The Message of the Quran, M. Asad, 1982, Introduction Surah ar-Rahman. Although most of the commentators regard this surah as a Meccan revelation, Zamakhshari and (among the later scholars) Suyuti ascribe it to the Medina period. Baydawi leaves the question open, and adds that parts of it may have been revealed before and parts after the Prophet's hijrah to Medina. Some authorities are of the opinion that it followed immediately upon surah 13 ("Thunder"): an opinion which is not very helpful since that surah, too, cannot be assigned to either of the two periods with any degree of certainty.
  12. ^ "Directorate of Religious Affairs, Introduction Surah ar-Rahman". [Translation] This Surah was revealed in the Meccan Period. [Original] Mekke döneminde inmiştir.
  13. ^ Carl Ernst, How to Read the Qur'an (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2011), 40.
  14. ^ Ernst, How to Read the Qur'an, 44.
  15. ^ Ernst, How to Read the Qur'an, 215.
  16. ^ Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.