Arbia's law of geography

MAUP distortion example
An example of the modifiable areal unit problem and the distortion of rate calculations

Arbia's law of geography states, "Everything is related to everything else, but things observed at a coarse spatial resolution are more related than things observed at a finer resolution."[1][2][3][4][5] Originally proposed as the 2nd law of geography, this is one of several laws competing for that title.[1][2][3] Because of this, Arbia's law is sometimes referred to as the second law of geography, or Arbia's second law of geography.[1][2][6][7]

  1. ^ a b c Arbia, Giuseppe; Benedetti, R.; Espa, G. (1996). ""Effects of MAUP on image classification"". Journal of Geographical Systems. 3: 123–141.
  2. ^ a b c Tobler, Waldo (2004). "On the First Law of Geography: A Reply". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 94 (2): 304–310. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2004.09402009.x. S2CID 33201684. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  3. ^ a b Smith, Peter (2005). "The laws of geography". Teaching Geography. 30 (3): 150.
  4. ^ Otto, Philipp; Doğan, Osman; Taşpınar, Süleyman (8 November 2023). "A Dynamic Spatiotemporal Stochastic Volatility Model with an Application to Environmental Risks". Econometrics and Statistics. arXiv:2211.03178. doi:10.1016/j.ecosta.2023.11.002.
  5. ^ Otto, Philipp; Doğan, Osman; Taşpınar, Süleyman; Schmid, Wolfgang; Bera, Anil K. (2024). "Spatial and spatiotemporal volatility models: A review" (PDF). Journal of Economic Surveys: 1–55. doi:10.1111/joes.12643. Retrieved 18 July 2024.
  6. ^ Amdaoud, Mounir; Arcur, Giuseppe; Levratto, Nadine; Succurro, Marianna; Costanzo, Damiana (2020). "Geography of COVID-19 outbreak and first policy answers in European regions and cities". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ Zhang, Boen; Xu, Gang; Jiao, Limin; Liu, Jiafeng (January 2019). "The scale effects of the spatial autocorrelation measurement: aggregation level and spatial resolution January 2019 International J". International Journal of Geographical Information Science. 33 (5): 1–22. doi:10.1080/13658816.2018.1564316. S2CID 68155432. Retrieved 6 January 2023.