Arsine

Not to be confused with arcsine or ursine.
Arsine
Skeletal formula of arsine
Ball-and-stick model of arsine
Ball-and-stick model of arsine
Spacefill model of arsine
Spacefill model of arsine
  Arsenic, As
  Hydrogen, H
Names
IUPAC names
Arsenic trihydride
Arsane
Trihydridoarsenic
Other names
Arseniuretted hydrogen,
Arsenous hydride,
Hydrogen arsenide
Arsenic hydride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.029.151 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 232-066-3
599
KEGG
RTECS number
  • CG6475000
UNII
UN number 2188
  • InChI=1S/AsH3/h1H3 checkY
    Key: RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/AsH3/h1H3
    Key: RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYAH
  • [AsH3]
Properties
AsH3
Molar mass 77.9454 g/mol
Appearance Colourless gas
Odor Faint, garlic-like
Density 4.93 g/L, gas; 1.640 g/mL (−64 °C)
Melting point −111.2 °C (−168.2 °F; 162.0 K)
Boiling point −62.5 °C (−80.5 °F; 210.7 K)
0.2 g/100 mL (20 °C)[1]
0.07 g/100 mL (25 °C)
Solubility soluble in chloroform, benzene
Vapor pressure 14.9 atm[1]
Conjugate acid Arsonium
Structure
Trigonal pyramidal
0.20 D
Thermochemistry
223 J⋅K−1⋅mol−1
+66.4 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Extremely toxic, explosive, flammable, potential occupational carcinogen[1]
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS06: ToxicGHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H220, H330, H373, H410
P210, P260, P271, P273, P284, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P377, P381, P391, P403, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g. propaneInstability 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
4
2
Flash point −62 °C (−80 °F; 211 K)
Explosive limits 5.1–78%[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
2.5 mg/kg (intravenous)[2]
  • 120 ppm (rat, 10 min)
  • 77 ppm (mouse, 10 min)
  • 201 ppm (rabbit, 10 min)
  • 108 ppm (dog, 10 min)[3]
  • 250 ppm (human, 30 min)
  • 300 ppm (human, 5 min)
  • 25 ppm (human, 30 min)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.05 ppm (0.2 mg/m3)[1]
REL (Recommended)
 C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][1]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 3 ppm[1]
Related compounds
Related hydrides
 Ammonia; phosphine; stibine; bismuthine
Supplementary data page
Arsine (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Arsine (IUPAC name: arsane) is an inorganic compound with the formula AsH3. This flammable, pyrophoric, and highly toxic pnictogen hydride gas is one of the simplest compounds of arsenic.[4] Despite its lethality, it finds some applications in the semiconductor industry and for the synthesis of organoarsenic compounds. The term arsine is commonly used to describe a class of organoarsenic compounds of the formula AsH3−xRx, where R = aryl or alkyl. For example, As(C6H5)3, called triphenylarsine, is referred to as "an arsine".

  1. ^ a b c d e f g NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0040". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  2. ^ Levvy, G.A. (1946). "The Toxicity of Arsine Administered by Intraperitoneal Injection". British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. 1 (4): 287–290. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1946.tb00049.x. PMC 1509744. PMID 19108099.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference IDLH was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Holleman was invoked but never defined (see the help page).