| Artaxerxes I 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂 | |
|---|---|
 Relief of Artaxerxes I, from his tomb in Naqsh-e Rustam | |
| King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, Pharaoh of Egypt | |
| Reign | 465–424 BC |
| Predecessor | Xerxes I |
| Successor | Xerxes II |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 424 BC, Susa |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | Damaspia Alogyne of Babylon Cosmartidene of Babylon Andia of Babylon |
| Issue | |
| Dynasty | Achaemenid |
| Father | Xerxes I |
| Mother | Amestris |
| Religion | Zoroastrianism |
| |||||||||||||||
| Artaxerxes[1] in hieroglyphs | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era: Late Period (664–332 BC) | |||||||||||||||
Artaxerxes I (/ˌɑːrtəˈzɜːrksiːz/, Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaçāʰ;[2][3] Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης)[4] was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC.[5][6] He was the third son of Xerxes I.
In Greek sources he is also surnamed "Long-handed" (Ancient Greek: μακρόχειρ Makrókheir; Latin: Longimanus), allegedly because his right hand was longer than his left.[7]
- ^ Henri Gauthier, Le Livre des rois d'Égypte, IV, Cairo 1916 (=MIFAO 20), p. 152.
- ^ Ghias Abadi, R. M. (2004). Achaemenid Inscriptions (کتیبههای هخامنشی) (in Persian) (2nd ed.). Tehran: Shiraz Navid Publications. p. 129. ISBN 964-358-015-6.
- ^ "Artaxerxes" at Encyclopædia Iranica
- ^ The Greek form of the name is influenced by Xerxes, "Artaxerxes" at Encyclopædia Iranica
- ^ James D. G. Dunn; John William Rogerson (19 November 2003). Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 321. ISBN 978-0-8028-3711-0.
- ^ Matthew W. Stolper. The Death of Artaxerxes I in Archaeologische Mitteilungen aus Iran N.F. 16 (1983). Dietrich Reimer Verlag Berlin. p. 231.
- ^ Plutarch, Artaxerxes, l. 1. c. 1. 11:129 - cited by Ussher, Annals, para. 1179