Arteriosclerosis | |
---|---|
Blood vessel-plaque and cholesterol | |
Specialty | Pathology |
Symptoms | Sudden weakness[1] |
Causes | Smoking, High blood pressure[1] |
Diagnostic method | Blood test, EKG[1] |
Treatment | Treatment of underlying condition[2] |
Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity[3] of the walls of arteries;[4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of arteriosclerosis caused by the buildup of fatty plaques, cholesterol, and some other substances in and on the artery walls (it can be brought on by smoking, a bad diet, or many genetic factors).
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, with multiple genetic and environmental contributions. Genetic-epidemiologic studies have identified a long list of genetic and non-genetic risk factors for CAD. However, such studies indicate that family history is the most significant independent risk factor.[citation needed]
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