Artificial lattice is a term encompassing every atomic-scale structures designed and controlled to confine electrons onto a chosen lattice. Research has been done on multiple geometries and one of the most notable being what is called molecular graphene (in order to mimic graphene structure). Molecular graphene is a part of two-dimensional artificial lattices.
Artificial lattices can be studied to test theoretical topology predictions or for their engineered electronic proprieties. Those materials should still be considered at a research stage.