Auckland volcanic field

Auckland Volcanic Field
Map of the Auckland Volcanic Field from 1859
Map of the field drawn by Hochstetter in 1859 and published in English in 1864
Highest point
Elevation260 m (850 ft)
Coordinates36°52′37″S 174°45′50″E / 36.877°S 174.764°E / -36.877; 174.764
Geography
Map
Location and extent of the Auckland volcanic field. Clicking on the map enlarges it, and enables panning and mouseover of volcano name/wikilink. Please also see for age and geographical relationships to other North Island surface volcanism
Geology
Rock agePleistocene to Meghalayan0.193–0.0006 Ma[1]
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Mountain typeVolcanic field
Rock typeBasalt
Last eruptionc. 1400 CE

The Auckland volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes covered by much of the metropolitan area of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, located in the North Island. The approximately 53 volcanoes[2] in the field have produced a diverse array of maars (explosion craters), tuff rings, scoria cones, and lava flows. With the exception of Rangitoto, no volcano has erupted more than once,[3][4] but the other eruptions lasted for various periods ranging from a few weeks to several years.[5] Rangitoto erupted several times[4] and recently twice; in an eruption that occurred about 600 years ago, followed by a second eruption approximately 50 years later.[6] The field is fuelled entirely by basaltic magma, unlike the explosive subduction-driven volcanism in the central North Island, such as at Mount Ruapehu and Lake Taupō.[7]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Leonard2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hayward_more_2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Shane, Phil; Gehrels, Maria; Zawalna-Geer, Aleksandra; Augustinus, Paul; Lindsay, Jan; Chaillou, Isabelle (2013). "Longevity of a small shield volcano revealed by crypto-tephra studies (Rangitoto volcano, New Zealand): Change in eruptive behavior of a basaltic field". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 257: 174–183. Bibcode:2013JVGR..257..174S. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.03.026. ISSN 0377-0273.
  4. ^ a b Linnell, Tamzin; et al. (2016). "Long-lived shield volcanism within a monogenetic basaltic field: The conundrum of Rangitoto volcano, New Zealand". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 128 (7–8): 1160–1172. Bibcode:2016GSAB..128.1160L. doi:10.1130/B31392.1.
  5. ^ Hayward, Bruce W.; Murdoch, Graeme; Maitland, Gordon (2011). Volcanoes of Auckland: The Essential Guide. Auckland University Press. ISBN 978-1-86940-479-6.
  6. ^ Needham, A.J.; Lindsay, J.M.; Smith, I.E.M.; Augustinus, P.; Shane, P.A. (April 2011). "Sequential eruption of alkaline and sub-alkaline magmas from a small monogenetic volcano in the Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 201 (1–4): 126–142. Bibcode:2011JVGR..201..126N. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.07.017.
  7. ^ Ian E.M. Smith; Sharon R. Allen (26 January 2010). "Auckland Volcanic Field Geology". Te Pῡ Ao Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences. Archived from the original on 9 February 2013. Retrieved 5 January 2023.