Bäckström and Backström are Swedish surnames, etymologically distinct from one another, and sometimes anglicized to Beckstrom or Backstrom.
Bäckström means "creak stream". Backström means "downhill stream".
Notable people with the name include:
- Anders Bäckström (born 1960), Swedish ice hockey defenceman
- Daffin Backstrom (1916–1993), American football, basketball, and baseball player and coach
- Fia Backström (born 1970), Swedish artist
- Gustav Backström (born 1995), Swedish ice hockey defenceman
- Henry Backstrom (1897–1987), American politician
- Ina Bäckström (born 1987), Swedish video game developer
- Ingrid Backstrom (born 1978), American skier
- Joakim Bäckström (born 1978), Swedish golfer
- Lars Bäckström (born 1953), Swedish Left Party politician
- Nicklas Bäckström (born 1987), Swedish ice hockey center
- Niklas Bäckström (born 1978), Finnish ice hockey goaltender
- Niklas Bäckström (fighter) (born 1989), Swedish mixed martial arts fighter
- Nils Bäckström (born 1986), Swedish ice hockey defenseman
- Ralph Backstrom (1937–2021), Canadian ice hockey center
- Urban Bäckström (born 1954), Swedish economist