Bald Hills War

Bald Hills War
Part of the American Indian Wars

Map of Northwestern California, ca. 1866, showing the Theatre of the Bald Hills War with a number of forts that figured in the fighting.
Date1858–1864
Location
Result United States victory
Belligerents

 United States

Whilkut – "Wintoons"
Chilula – "Redwoods"
Hupa
"Mountain tribes"
Chimariko
Lassik
Mattole
Nongatl
Sinkyone
Tsnungwe
Wailaki
Commanders and leaders
United States Gabriel J. Rains
United States Henry M. Black
California William C. Kibbe
California Isaac G. Messec
California Francis J. Lippitt
California Stephen G. Whipple
Lassic-Wailaki +
Say-Winne
Claw-Foot
Tsewenaldin John-Hupa
Big Jim-Hupa
Strength
1858–59
CaliforniaTrinity Rangers
1859–1861
United States Company B, U.S. Fourth Infantry Regiment
May 1859 – Jan 1860
Hydesville Volunteer Company
1860
CaliforniaHumboldt Volunteers
1861
United StatesCompany B, U.S. 6th Infantry Regiment
1861–1862
CaliforniaMounted Volunteers
1862–1865
California 2nd Regiment California Infantry
California Co. A, 3rd Regiment California Infantry
1863–65
California 1st Btn. California Mountaineers
California Co. A, 1st Btn. Native Cavalry
1864
California Co's C,G,E; 6th Regiment California Infantry
Whilkut 250–350 (1858 est.)
Hupa 200 (1856 est.)[1]: 203 

The Bald Hills War (1858–1864) was a war fought by the forces of the California Militia, California Volunteers and soldiers of the U.S. Army against the Chilula, Lassik, Hupa, Mattole, Nongatl, Sinkyone, Tsnungwe, Wailaki, Whilkut and Wiyot Native American peoples.[2]

The war was fought within the boundaries of the counties of Mendocino, Trinity, Humboldt, Klamath, and Del Norte in Northern California. During the American Civil War, Army reorganization created the Department of the Pacific on 15 January 1861, and on 12 December 1861, the Humboldt Military District, which was formed to organize the effort to unseat the native population. The district was headquartered at Fort Humboldt,[3] which is now a California State Historic Park located within the City of Eureka, California.[4] The District's efforts were directed at waging the ongoing Bald Hills War against the native people in those counties.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference Bledsoe,1885 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Lewis, David Rich (1994). Neither Wolf Nor Dog: American Indians, Environment, and Agrarian Change. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-506297-7.
  3. ^ John Eicher; David Eicher (1 June 2002). Civil War High Commands. Stanford University Press. p. 820. ISBN 978-0-8047-3641-1. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  4. ^ "Historic California Posts: Fort Humboldt". The California State Military Museum. Retrieved 18 December 2012.