Basic copper carbonate

For the neutral compound, see Copper(II) carbonate.
Basic copper carbonate
Basic copper carbonate

Ball-and-stick model of part of the crystal structure of malachite, highlighting the formula unit
Names
IUPAC name
Dicopper carbonate dihydroxide
Other names
copper carbonate hydroxide, cupric carbonate, copper carbonate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.031.909 Edit this at Wikidata
UNII
  • InChI=1S/CH2O3.2Cu.2H2O/c2-1(3)4;;;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;;2*1H2/q;2*+2;;/p-4
    Key: ZMMDPCMYTCRWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-J
  • InChI=1/CH2O3.2Cu.2H2O/c2-1(3)4;;;;/h(H2,2,3,4);;;2*1H2/q;2*+2;;/p-4
    Key: ZMMDPCMYTCRWFF-XBHQNQODAP
  • C(=O)([O-])[O-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2]
Properties
Cu2(OH)2CO3
Molar mass 221.114 g/mol
Appearance green powder
Density 4 g/cm3
Melting point 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K)
Boiling point 290 °C (554 °F; 563 K) decomposes
insoluble
7.08·10−9
Thermochemistry
88 J/mol·K
−595 kJ/mol
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation mark[1]
Warning
H302, H315, H319, H335[1]
P261, P305+P351+P338[1]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
159 mg/kg (rat, oral)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
REL (Recommended)
 TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu)[2]
Safety data sheet (SDS) Oxford MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Basic copper carbonate is a chemical compound, more properly called copper(II) carbonate hydroxide. It can be classified as a coordination polymer or a salt. It consists of copper(II) bonded to carbonate and hydroxide with formula Cu2(CO3)(OH)2. It is a green solid that occurs in nature as the mineral malachite. It has been used since antiquity as a pigment, and it is still used as such in artist paints, sometimes called verditer, green bice, or mountain green.[3]

Sometimes basic copper carbonate refers to Cu
3(CO
3)2(OH)2, a blue crystalline solid also known as the mineral azurite. It too has been used as pigment, sometimes under the name mountain blue or blue verditer.

Both malachite and azurite can be found in the verdigris patina that is found on weathered brass, bronze, and copper. The composition of the patina can vary, in a maritime environment depending on the environment a basic chloride may be present, in an urban environment basic sulfates may be present.[4]

This compound is often improperly called (even in chemistry articles) copper carbonate, cupric carbonate, and similar names. The true (neutral) copper(II) carbonate CuCO3 is not known to occur naturally.[5] It is decomposed by water or moisture from the air. It was synthesized only in 1973 by high temperature and very high pressures.[6]

  1. ^ a b c Copper(II) carbonate basic
  2. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ Zhang, Jun; Richardson, H. Wayne (2016). "Copper Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. pp. 1–31. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_567.pub2. ISBN 978-3-527-30673-2.
  4. ^ Encyclopedia Of Corrosion Technology (Google eBook), Philip A. Schweitzer P.E.; CRC Press, 2004, ISBN 08247-4878-6
  5. ^ Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils (ed.), Inorganic Chemistry, translated by Eagleson, Mary; Brewer, William, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, p. 1263, ISBN 0-12-352651-5
  6. ^ Seidel, H.; Ehrhardt, H.; Viswanathan, K.; Johannes, W. (1974). "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften von Kupfer(II)-Carbonat". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 410 (2): 138–148. doi:10.1002/zaac.19744100207. ISSN 0044-2313.