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Battle of Munda | |||||||
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Part of Caesar's Civil War | |||||||
Battle of Munda (engraving by Matthäus Merian, cca 1625) | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Caesarians Mauretania | Pompeians | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Julius Caesar Quintus Fabius Maximus Quintus Pedius Gaius Caninius Rebilus Bogud of Mauretania |
Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus Sextus Pompeius Titus Labienus † Publius Attius Varus † | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
8 legions, 8,000 cavalry, auxiliaries unknown Total: c. 50,000−60,000[a] |
13 legions, cavalry and auxiliaries Total: c. 70,000 | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
1,000 killed or missing 500 wounded | 30,000 killed |
The Battle of Munda (17 March 45 BC), in southern Hispania Ulterior, was the final battle of Caesar's civil war against the leaders of the Optimates.[1] With the military victory at Munda and the deaths of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompeius (eldest son of Pompey), Caesar was politically able to return in triumph to Rome, and then govern as the elected Roman dictator. Subsequently, the assassination of Julius Caesar furthered the long Republican decline that led to the Roman Empire, initiated with the reign of the emperor Augustus.
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