Battle of Naseby

Battle of Naseby
Part of First English Civil War
Battle memorial, and beyond the fields of Broad Moor, the site of the battle
Date 14 June 1645 Location Naseby, Northamptonshire, England Result Parliamentarian victory
Belligerents
Parliamentarians	Royalists
Commanders and leaders
Sir Thomas Fairfax Oliver Cromwell Henry Ireton Philip Skippon	Charles I Prince Rupert Lord Astley Marmaduke Langdale
Strength
6,000 horse, 7,000 foot, 676 dragoons[1]	4,100 horse, 3,300 foot[2]
Casualties and losses
400 killed and wounded	1,000 killed and wounded, 4,500 captured[3]

The Battle of Naseby took place on 14 June 1645 during the First English Civil War, near the village of Naseby in Northamptonshire. The Parliamentarian New Model Army, commanded by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell, destroyed the main Royalist army under Charles I and Prince Rupert. The defeat ended any real hope of royalist victory, although Charles did not finally surrender until May 1646.

The 1645 campaign began in April when the newly formed New Model Army marched west to relieve Taunton, before being ordered back to lay siege to Oxford, the Royalist wartime capital. On 31 May, the Royalists stormed Leicester and Fairfax was instructed to abandon the siege and engage them. Although heavily outnumbered, Charles decided to stand and fight and after several hours of combat, his force was effectively destroyed. The Royalists suffered over 1,000 casualties, with over 4,500 of their infantry captured and paraded through the streets of London; they would never again field an army of comparable quality.

They also lost all their artillery and stores, along with Charles' personal baggage and private papers, which revealed his attempts to bring the Irish Catholic Confederation and foreign mercenaries into the war. These were published in a pamphlet titled The King's Cabinet Opened, whose appearance was a great boost to the cause of Parliament.