 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (July 2024) |
| Battle of Panium | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Fifth Syrian War | |||||||||
 The spring of Banias with the Cave of Pan in background | |||||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
| Seleucid Empire | Ptolemaic Egypt | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Antiochus III the Great Antiochus the Younger | Scopas of Aetolia | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
70,000 men Unknown war elephants |
46,500–53,000 men 25,000–32,000 phalangites 6,000 Aetolian infantry 500 Aetolian cavalry 14,500–15,000 other troops | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | 17,500–20,825 phalangites killed or captured | ||||||||
The Battle of Panium /pəˈnaɪ.əm/ (also known as Paneion, Ancient Greek: Πάνειον, or Paneas, Πανειάς) was fought in 200 BC near Paneas (Caesarea Philippi) between Seleucid and Ptolemaic forces as part of the Fifth Syrian War. The Seleucids were led by Antiochus III the Great, while the Ptolemaic army was led by Scopas of Aetolia. The Seleucids achieved a complete victory, annihilating the Ptolemaic army and conquering the province of Coele-Syria. The Ptolemaic Kingdom never recovered from its defeat at Panium and ceased to be an independent great power. Antiochus secured his southern flank and began to concentrate on the looming conflict with the Roman Republic.