Battle of Pinkie

Battle of Pinkie
Part of the Rough Wooing
River Esk and Inveresk Church at Musselburgh
Date 10 September 1547 Location Musselburgh, Lothian, Scotland 55°55′49″N 3°01′16″W / 55.9304°N 3.0211°W / 55.9304; -3.0211 (Battle of Pinkie) Result English victory
Belligerents
Scotland	England
Commanders and leaders
Earl of Arran	Duke of Somerset
Strength
22,000-36,000[1]	c. 30 warships 16,800 men[2]
Casualties and losses
6,000–15,000 killed or wounded[3] 2,000 captured[3]	200–600 killed or wounded[4]
Registered battlefield
Designated	21 March 2011
Reference no.	BTL15
class=notpageimage| Battle location in Scotland

The Battle of Pinkie, also known as the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh (English: /klʌf/ KLUF, Scots: [kl(j)ux]),^[5] took place on 10 September 1547 on the banks of the River Esk near Musselburgh, Scotland. The last pitched battle between Scotland and England before the Union of the Crowns, it was part of the conflict known as the Rough Wooing. It was a catastrophic defeat for Scotland, where it became known as "Black Saturday".^[6] A highly detailed and illustrated English account of the battle and campaign authored by an eyewitness William Patten was published in London as propaganda four months after the battle.^[7]