Bcl-2 family

Apoptosis regulator proteins, Bcl-2 family
Structure of human Bcl-xL, an inhibitor of programmed cell death.[1]
Identifiers
SymbolBcl-2
PfamPF00452
InterProIPR002475
SMARTSM00337
PROSITEPDOC00829
SCOP21maz / SCOPe / SUPFAM
OPM superfamily40
OPM protein2l5b
Membranome232
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary

The Bcl-2 family (TC# 1.A.21) consists of a number of evolutionarily-conserved proteins that share Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains. The Bcl-2 family is most notable for their regulation of apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, at the mitochondrion.[2] The Bcl-2 family proteins consists of members that either promote or inhibit apoptosis, and control apoptosis by governing mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which is a key step in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. A total of 25 genes in the Bcl-2 family were identified by 2008.

Members of the BCL-2 family regulate apoptosis in mammals, reptiles, amphibs, fish, and other phyla of metazoan life, with exception of nematodes and insects.[3] Their molecular structure and function, as well as their protein dynamics, are highly conserved over hundreds of millions of years in tissue forming life forms.[4]

  1. ^ Muchmore SW, Sattler M, Liang H, et al. (May 1996). "X-ray and NMR structure of human Bcl-xL, an inhibitor of programmed cell death". Nature. 381 (6580): 335–41. Bibcode:1996Natur.381..335M. doi:10.1038/381335a0. hdl:10220/8302. PMID 8692274. S2CID 4279148.
  2. ^ Youle, Richard J.; Strasser, Andreas (2008). "The BCL-2 protein family: opposing activities that mediate cell death". Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. 9 (1): 47–59. doi:10.1038/nrm2308. PMID 18097445. S2CID 7033834.
  3. ^ Banjara, Suresh; Suraweera, Chathura D.; Hinds, Mark G.; Kvansakul, Marc (12 January 2020). "The Bcl-2 Family: Ancient Origins, Conserved Structures, and Divergent Mechanisms". Biomolecules. 10 (1): 128. doi:10.3390/biom10010128. PMC 7022251. PMID 31940915.
  4. ^ Heckmeier, Philipp J.; Ruf, Jeannette; Rochereau, Charlotte; Hamm, Peter (February 27, 2024). "A billion years of evolution manifest in nanosecond protein dynamics". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 121 (10). arXiv:2309.06298. doi:10.1073/pnas.2318743121. PMID 38412135.