The Bengal Basin[1] is a sedimentary basin. The term Bengal basin is used to describe geological structure of Bengal region's sedimentary basin.[2] It is spread across the Indian states of West Bengal and Bangladesh.[3] The Bengal basin in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent forms the world's largest fluvio-delta and shallow marine sedimentary basin. This shallow marine sedimentary basin coupled with the Bengal Fan beneath the Bay of Bengal to form the largest sedimentary dispersal system known in the modern world.[4]
The Bengal basin was initiated during the breakup of Gondwanaland in the late Mesozoic Era. The basin consists of a thick Early Cretaceous-Holocene sedimentary succession. Proximal deposition of a portion of orogenic sediments from the Eastern Himalaya and Indo-Burman ranges deposited in the Bengal Basin. The thickest sediments in the basin occur in the coastal area of the Bay of Bengal, where sediments are about 20 km thick.[1]
It is bounded by faults on all its sides except the southern side. The basin is bounded by the West Margin Fault and the Malda–Kishanganj Fault in the west, the Surma Margin Fault in the east and the Yamuna Fault and the Dauki fault in the northeast.[4]
- ^ a b "Bengal Basin". www.ndrdgh.gov.in. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- ^ "Geology, Geomorphology and Seismotectonics of Bengal Basin with special emphasis on Kolkata and its adjoining region" (PDF). wbdmd.gov.in. 14 July 2023. Retrieved 14 July 2023.
- ^ DK Guha; Haroun Er Rashid. "Bengal Basin". en.banglapedia.org. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^ a b A. B. Roy; Alokesh Chatterjee (25 July 2015). "Tectonic framework and evolutionary history of the Bengal Basin in the Indian subcontinent" (PDF). www.currentscience.ac.in. Retrieved 14 July 2023.