Berel kurgan

Berel
class=notpageimage|
Location of Berel (),[1] with contemporary cultures in the 6th century BCE
Geographical rangeSouth Siberia
Dates5-3rd centuries BCE
Major sites49°22′24″N 86°26′17″E / 49.3732082°N 86.4380264°E / 49.3732082; 86.4380264
Preceded byKarasuk culture
Followed byAldy-Bel culture, Pazyryk culture, Tagar culture
Saka kurgans[2]
Arzhan-1c. 800 BCE
Shiliktyc. 700 BCE
Arzhan-2c. 650 BCE
Bes Shatyrc. 550 BCE
Taksaic. 500 BCE
Ingalac. 500 BCE
Tasmola7th-5th centuries BCE
Boraldayc. 600-400 BCE
Salbykc. 600-400 BCE
Eleke Sazyc. 600-400 BCE
Berel-1c. 350 BCE
Pazyryk-1,2c. 300 BCE
Berel-11c. 300 BCE
Issykc. 400-200 BCE
Tillya Tepe1st century BCE

Berel kurgan[1] is an archaeological site in the Katonkaragay District in eastern Kazakhstan. The site is located near the village of Berel. At this site, numerous 5th-3rd century BCE Early Saka kurgans were found.[1] [3]

The excavations have revealed artefacts the sophistication of which are encouraging a revaluation of the nomadic cultures of the 5th to 3rd centuries BCE.[4] The Kurgans contained vast quantities of precious golden jewelry.[5]

Horses were buried in the kurgans next to their owner, and were lavishly decorated.[6]

  • Griffins burial mound Berel (5th-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakhstan.JPG
    Griffins burial mound Berel (5th-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakhstan.JPG
  • Catlike predator with protomas of two elk burial mound Berel (IV.-III. B.C.) Kazakhstan.[7]
    Catlike predator with protomas of two elk burial mound Berel (IV.-III. B.C.) Kazakhstan.[7]
  • Scene of torment burial mound Berel (5-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakhstan.[7]
    Scene of torment burial mound Berel (5-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakhstan.[7]
  • Deer in Griffin's beak, burial mound Berel (4-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakstan.
    Deer in Griffin's beak, burial mound Berel (4-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakstan.
  • Tigergriffin arthor work based on Scytian- saka animal style burial mound Berel (5-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakstan.
    Tigergriffin arthor work based on Scytian- saka animal style burial mound Berel (5-3rd centuries BCE) Kazakstan.
  • Decorated horse from the Berel kurgan (reconstruction).[6][8]
    Decorated horse from the Berel kurgan (reconstruction).[6][8]
  • Griffin-Shaped Coffin Nail (replica), 4th-3rd century BCE. Gilt Bronze. Berel Kugan, East Kazakhstan. National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan.[9]
    Griffin-Shaped Coffin Nail (replica), 4th-3rd century BCE. Gilt Bronze. Berel Kugan, East Kazakhstan. National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan.[9]
  1. ^ a b c Panyushkina, Irina P; Slyusarenko, Igor Y; Sala, Renato; Deom, Jean-Marc; Toleubayev, Abdesh T (March 2016). "Calendar Age of the Baigetobe Kurgan from the Iron Age Saka Cemetery in Shilikty Valley, Kazakhstan". Radiocarbon. 58 (1): 157–167. doi:10.1017/RDC.2015.15. hdl:10150/628658.
  2. ^ Image file with complete data, Amir, Saltanat; Roberts, Rebecca C. (2023). "The Saka 'Animal Style' in Context: Material, Technology, Form and Use". Arts. 12: 23. doi:10.3390/arts12010023.
  3. ^ Zhumatayev, Rinat (1 January 2013). "Royal Mound Baygetobe from the Burial Ground Shilikty". International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering.
  4. ^ Wilford, John Noble (12 March 2012). "Artifacts Show Sophistication of Ancient Nomads". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-03-01.
  5. ^ Francfort, Henri-Paul (2002). "Images du combat contre le sanglier en Asie centrale (3 ème au 1 er millénaire av. J.-C.)". Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 16: 118. ISSN 0890-4464. Ainsi des bractrées d'or à l'effigie du sanglier qui étaient fixées aux vêtements ont été découvertes dans les Kourganes du 6eme siècle de Chilikti (Kazakhstan oriental) et d'Arzhan-2 (Touva)
  6. ^ a b Andreeva, Petya V. (23 February 2023). "Glittering Bodies: The Politics of Mortuary Self-Fashioning in Eurasian Nomadic Cultures (700 BCE-200 BCE)". Fashion Theory. 27 (2): 189 Fig.7. doi:10.1080/1362704X.2021.1991133.
  7. ^ a b "International exhibition of original artifacts «Scythian gold»" (PDF). 2017: 92–97. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  8. ^ People with animals: perspectives & studies in ethnozooarchaeology. Oxbow Books. 2016. ISBN 978-1-78570-247-1.
  9. ^ "황금인간의 땅, 카자흐스탄:국립중앙박물관". www.museum.go.kr.