Beryllium oxide

Beryllium oxide
Unit cell, ball and stick model of beryllium oxide
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Beryllium(II) monoxide
Systematic IUPAC name
Oxoberyllium
Other names
Beryllia, Thermalox, Bromellite, Thermalox 995.[1]
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
3902801
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.758 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-133-1
MeSH beryllium+oxide
RTECS number
  • DS4025000
UNII
UN number 1566
  • InChI=1S/Be.O checkY
    Key: LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/Be.O/rBeO/c1-2
    Key: LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-SRAGPBHZAE
  • [Be]=[O]
  • [Be-]#[O+]
Properties
BeO
Molar mass 25.011 g·mol−1
Appearance Colourless, vitreous crystals
Odor Odourless
Density 3.01 g/cm3[2]
Melting point 2,578 °C (4,672 °F; 2,851 K)[2]
Band gap 10.6 eV[3]
−11.9·10−6 cm3/mol[4]
Thermal conductivity 210 W/(m·K)[5]
n11.7184, n2=1.733[6][7]
Structure[8]
Hexagonal, zincite
P63mc
C6v
a = 2.6979 Å, c = 4.3772 Å
2
Linear
Thermochemistry[9]
25.6 J/(K·mol)
13.77±0.04 J/(K·mol)
−609.4±2.5 kJ/mol
−580.1 kJ/mol
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus)
 86 kJ/mol
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 Very toxic, Group 1B carcinogen
GHS labelling:
GHS06: Toxic GHS08: Health hazardGHS09: Environmental hazard
Danger
H301, H315, H317, H319, H330, H335, H350, H372
P201, P260, P280, P284, P301+P310, P305+P351+P338
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g. VX gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
4
0
0
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
15 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[11]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 0.002 mg/m3
C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be)[10]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be)[10]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)][10]
Related compounds
Other anions
 Beryllium telluride
Other cations
Supplementary data page
Beryllium oxide (data page)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

Beryllium oxide (BeO), also known as beryllia, is an inorganic compound with the formula BeO. This colourless solid is an electrical insulator with a higher thermal conductivity than any other non-metal except diamond, and exceeds that of most metals.[12] As an amorphous solid, beryllium oxide is white. Its high melting point leads to its use as a refractory material.[13] It occurs in nature as the mineral bromellite. Historically and in materials science, beryllium oxide was called glucina or glucinium oxide, owing to its sweet taste.

  1. ^ "beryllium oxide – Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 27 March 2005. Identification and Related records. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
  2. ^ a b Haynes, p. 4.51
  3. ^ Ryu, Y. R.; Lee, T. S.; Lubguban, J. A.; Corman, A. B.; White, H. W.; Leem, J. H.; Han, M. S.; Park, Y. S.; Youn, C. J.; Kim, W. J. (2006). "Wide-band gap oxide alloy: BeZnO". Applied Physics Letters. 88 (5): 052103. Bibcode:2006ApPhL..88e2103R. doi:10.1063/1.2168040.
  4. ^ Haynes, p. 4.126
  5. ^ Haynes, p. 12.222
  6. ^ Haynes, p. 10.248
  7. ^ Bromellite Mineral Data. webmineral
  8. ^ Haynes, p. 4.139
  9. ^ Haynes, pp. 5.1, 5.6, 6.155
  10. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0054". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  11. ^ Beryllium oxide toxicity
  12. ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  13. ^ Higgins, Raymond Aurelius (2006). Materials for Engineers and Technicians. Newnes. p. 301. ISBN 0-7506-6850-4.