Bismuth oxynitrate

Bismuth oxynitrate
Names
IUPAC name
pentabismuth;oxygen(2-);nonahydroxide;tetranitrate
Other names
Bismuthyl nitrate
Basic bismuth nitrate
Bismuth subnitrate [USP:JAN]
Bismutum subnitricum
Magisterium bismuti
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
MeSH bismuth+subnitrate
UNII
  • InChI=1S/5Bi.4NO3.9H2O.O/c;;;;;4*2-1(3)4;;;;;;;;;;/h;;;;;;;;;9*1H2;/q5*+3;4*-1;;;;;;;;;;-2/p-9
    Key: QGWDKKHSDXWPET-UHFFFAOYSA-E[1]
  • [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] [1]
Properties
Bi5H9N4O22 (Basic formula) [1]
Molar mass 1461.99 g/mol [1]
Density 1.79 g/mL (H2O) [1]
Melting point Decomposes at 260 [1]
Boiling point Decomposes at 260 [1]
Insoluble [1]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: Oxidizing GHS07: Exclamation mark
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Bismuth subnitrate monohydrate
Names
IUPAC name
oxobismuthanyl nitrate;hydrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
  • InChI=1S/Bi.NO3.H2O.O/c;2-1(3)4;;/h;;1H2;/q+1;-1;;
    Key: HFJNHTDBULDRRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [N+](=O)([O-])O[Bi]=O.O
Properties
BiH2NO5 (Basic formula) [2]
Molar mass 305 g/mol [2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Bismuth oxynitrate is the name applied to a number of compounds that contain Bi3+, nitrate ions and oxide ions and which can be considered as compounds formed from Bi2O3, N2O5 and H2O. Other names for bismuth oxynitrate include bismuth subnitrate and bismuthyl nitrate. In older texts bismuth oxynitrate is often simply described as BiONO3 or basic bismuth nitrate. Bismuth oxynitrate was once called magisterium bismuti or bismutum subnitricum, and was used as a white pigment, in beauty care, and as a gentle disinfectant for internal and external use.[3][4] It is also used to form Dragendorff's reagent, which is used as a TLC stain.

Bismuth oxynitrate is commercially available as Bi5O(OH)9(NO3)4 (CAS number: 1304-85-4 ) or as BiONO3·H2O (CAS Number: 13595-83-0 ).

Some compounds have been fully characterised with single crystal studies and found to contain the octahedral [Bi6Ox(OH)8−x](10−x)+ cation. There is indirect evidence that either the octahedral cation Bi
6O
4(OH)6+
4[4] or the octahedral cation Bi
6(OH)6+
12[5] is present in aqueous solution following the polymerisation of Bi(H
2O)3+
8, the Bi3+ ion present in acidic solutions.[6] The ion Bi
6O
4(OH)6+
4 is found in the perchlorate compound Bi6O4(OH)4ClO4·7H2O[7] and is isoelectronic with the octahedral Sn6O4(OH)4 cluster found in the hydrate of tin(II) oxide, 3SnO·H2O.[5] The compounds that contain this are:

Bi6O4(HO)4(NO3)6·H2O[8][9] (equivalent to BiONO3·⁠1/2⁠H2O; Bi2O3·N2O5·H2O )
Bi6O4(OH)4(NO3)6·4H2O[10] (equivalent to BiONO3·H2O; Bi2O3·N2O5·6H2O )
[Bi6O4(OH)4][Bi6O5(OH)3](NO3)11, which contains two different cations, [Bi6O4(OH)4]6+ and [Bi6O5(OH)3]5+[11]

The compound Bi6O5(OH)3(NO3)5·3H2O (equivalent to 6Bi2O3·5N2O5·9H2O) also contains the octahedral units but this time they are joined to form {[Bi6O5(OH)3]5+}2.[12]

Additionally some oxynitrates have layer structures (a common motif also found in bismuth(III) oxyhalides):

Bi2O2(OH)NO3 (equivalent to BiONO3·⁠1/2⁠H2O) contains "[Bi2O2]2+" layers[13]
Bi5O7NO3, which is isostructural with β-Bi5O7I[14]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h PubChem. "Bismuth subnitrate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-11.
  2. ^ a b PubChem. "Bismuth subnitrate monohydrate". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
  3. ^ Sadler, Peter J (1991). Sykes, A.G. (ed.). Advances in Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. 36. Academic Press. ch. 1. ISBN 0-12-023636-2.
  4. ^ a b Holleman, Arnold Frederik; Wiberg, Egon (2001), Wiberg, Nils (ed.), Inorganic Chemistry, translated by Eagleson, Mary; Brewer, William, San Diego/Berlin: Academic Press/De Gruyter, p. 771, ISBN 0-12-352651-5
  5. ^ a b Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
  6. ^ Persson, Ingmar (2010). "Hydrated metal ions in aqueous solution: How regular are their structures?". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 82 (10): 1901–1917. doi:10.1351/PAC-CON-09-10-22. ISSN 0033-4545.
  7. ^ Godfrey, S.M.; et al. (1998). "Chapter 4". In Norman, N.C. (ed.). Chemistry of Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth. Blackie Academic and Professional. ISBN 0-7514-0389-X.
  8. ^ Lazarini, F. (1979). "Bismuth basic nitrate [Bi6(H2O)(NO3)O4(OH)4](NO3)5". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 35 (2): 448–450. Bibcode:1979AcCrB..35..448L. doi:10.1107/S0567740879003745. ISSN 0567-7408.
  9. ^ Sundvall, Bengt; Elgsaeter, Arnljot; Oftedal, Gunnhild; Strand, Knut A.; Hoyer, Eberhard; Spiridonov, V. P.; Strand, T. G. (1979). "Crystal and Molecular Structure of Tetraoxotetrahydroxobismuth(III) Nitrate Monohydrate, Bi6O4(HO)4(NO3)6.H2O". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 33a: 219–224. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.33a-0219. ISSN 0904-213X.
  10. ^ Lazarini, F. (1979). "Tetra-μ3-hydroxo-tetra-μ3-oxo-hexabismuth (III) nitrate tetrahydrate, [Bi6O4(OH)4](NO3)6·4H2O". Crystal Structure Communications. 8: 69–74.
  11. ^ Nørlund Christensen, Axel; Lebech, Bente (2012). "Investigation of the crystal structure of a basic bismuth(III) nitrate with the composition [Bi6O4(OH)4]0.54(1)[Bi6O5(OH)3]0.46(1)(NO3)5.54(1)" (PDF). Dalton Transactions. 41 (7): 1971–1980. doi:10.1039/c1dt11646k. ISSN 1477-9226. PMID 22180862. S2CID 205791388.
  12. ^ Lazarini, F. (1978). "The crystal structure of a bismuth basic nitrate, [Bi6O5(OH)3](NO3)5·3H2O". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 34 (11): 3169–3173. Bibcode:1978AcCrB..34.3169L. doi:10.1107/S0567740878010419. ISSN 0567-7408.
  13. ^ Henry, Natacha; et al. (2005). "[Bi2O2]2+ layers in Bi2O2(OH)(NO3): synthesis and structure determination". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B. 60 (3): 322–327. doi:10.1515/znb-2005-0315. S2CID 197047627.
  14. ^ Kodama, Hiroshi (1994). "Synthesis of a New Compound, Bi5O7NO3, by Thermal Decomposition". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 112 (1): 27–30. Bibcode:1994JSSCh.112...27K. doi:10.1006/jssc.1994.1259. ISSN 0022-4596.