Blindism

Blindisms,[1][2] also known as restricted or repetitive behavior (RRB) in visually impaired children,[3] and stereotyped behaviors in blind children[4] are a set of stereotypies (stereotyped, habitual and characteristic movements) in visually impaired children, appearing most often in those congenitally blind. Frequent movements include body rocking, repetitive handling of objects, hand and finger movements, eye poking, pressing and rubbing.[4][1] Causes are not well understood, and treatment outcomes tend to be highly variable but generally positive.[3]

  1. ^ a b Molinaro, Anna; Micheletti, Serena; Rossi, Andrea; Gitti, Filippo; Galli, Jessica; Merabet, Lotfi B.; Fazzi, Elisa Maria (2020-08-01). "Autistic-Like Features in Visually Impaired Children: A Review of Literature and Directions for Future Research". Brain Sciences. 10 (8): 507. doi:10.3390/brainsci10080507. ISSN 2076-3425. PMC 7465914. PMID 32752249.
  2. ^ Gwenb (2011-04-27). "Gwen's Things Unseen: Blindisms - what they are and why we need our children not to do them!". Gwen's Things Unseen. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
  3. ^ a b Ivy, Sarah E.; Ledford, Jennifer R. (2021-01-12). "A Systematic Review of Behavioral Interventions to Reduce Restricted or Repetitive Behavior of Individuals with Visual Impairment". Journal of Behavioral Education. 31 (1): 94–122. doi:10.1007/s10864-020-09418-x. ISSN 1053-0819. S2CID 231822632.
  4. ^ a b Fazzi, Elisa; Lanners, Josè; Danova, Simona; Ferrarri-Ginevra, Oreste; Gheza, Chiara; Luparia, Antonella; Balottin, Umberto; Lanzi, Giovanni (December 1999). "Stereotyped behaviours in blind children". Brain and Development. 21 (8): 522–528. doi:10.1016/s0387-7604(99)00059-5. ISSN 0387-7604. PMID 10598052. S2CID 34501322.