The Board of Control for Lunacy and Mental Deficiency was a body overseeing the treatment of the mentally ill in England and Wales. It was created by the Mental Deficiency Act 1913 to replace the Commissioners in Lunacy, under the Home Office however it was independent in that it reported to the Lord Chancellor who had responsibility for investigating breaches of care and integrity. The board was transferred to the Ministry of Health by the Ministry of Health Act 1919, and reorganised in 1930.
The board consisted of a chairman, two senior medical commissioners, one senior legal commissioner, six commissioners including lawyers and doctors, six inspectors and administrative staff. By law, at least one of these had to be a woman. The commissioners of the board travelled around England and Wales ensuring that those detained under mental health legislation were legally in custody, their care was appropriate, and moneys and other properties owned by patients were not being misused or stolen.
The board was based in Northumberland Avenue, London, until 1939 when it was moved to Hobart House, Grosvenor Place.
Its functions were transferred to the Minister of Health by the National Health Service Act 1946