Bodonchar Munkhag

Bodonchar Khan
Founder and First Khan of Borjigin[1]
Bodonchar (in blue) shown listening to his mother Alan Gua in a Persian painting from 1430.
Founder & 1st Khan of Mongol Borjigid
Reign10th–Centuries[1]
PredecessorAnqawi Khan[2]
SuccessorHabich Baghatur
BornNorthern Mongolia[1]
Died10th Century[1]
Southern Mongolia[1]
IssueHabich Baghatur[1]
Baaridai
Khabu Baatar
Jeguredei
Barim Sïqïratu Qabichu
Temple name
Shizu (始祖)
HouseBorjigin Dynasty
FatherAnqawi Khan[2]
(Timurid Scribe)
MotherAlan Gua
(mythical)
ReligionTengrism[1]

Bodonchar Munkhag or, Bodonchar Khan (Mongol: Бодончар Мөнх, died: 10th Century CE.) was a renowned Mongol Borjigin Tribal-Chieftain and Warlord,[1] He was a patrilineal ancestor of Genghis Khan who was the founder of Mongol Empire in 1206, as well as the Mongol Barlas tribe of the Central Asian Mongol conqueror Amir Timur who was the founder of Timurid Empire in 1370.[1]

According to the Secret History of the Mongols, he was the 12th generation nominal (non-biological) descendant of Borte Chino. Genghis Khan was the 11th and Timur was the 16th generation biological descendant of Bodonchar Munkhag. (sometimes written Butanchar the Simple). Bodonchar Munkhag is the founder of the House of Borjigin. Chagatai tradition dates 'Buzanjar Munqaq' to the rebellion of Abu Muslim or 747 CE.[3] The name Borjigin does not come from Bodonchar but from Bodonchar's nominal great-grandfather Borjigidai the Wise (Borjigidai Mergen). The date 747 CE corresponds better with Borjigidai Mergen. A confusion with Bayanchur Khan could also account for this date discrepancy.

He was gave temple name Shizu (Chinese: 始祖; lit. 'Progenitor') during reign of Yuan dynasty in China.[4]

According to Timurid Scribes, Timur's father Taraqai told him that they were of the Descent of Bodonchar in 15th generational ancestry they tracing with him.[5] The Timurid ruler Ulugh Beg's Tārīkh-i arbaʿ ulūs (lit. 'History of Four Nations'), abridged as the Shajarat al-atrāk (lit. 'Genealogy of Turks'),[6] Timurids were descendants of Turk, son of Yāfith (Japheth). Turk was commonly referred as "Father of the Turks".[5] Mughul and Tatar were twin brothers and children of Aljeh Khan, and therefore fifth generation descendants of Turk.[5][7] Ulugh Beg's work on genealogy classified Mongols as Turks, while also praising their warrior spirit. Ulugh Beg included Yāfas (Japheth), Turk, Mughūl, Tātār and Ughūz in the genealogical record of the Genghisids and Timurids. Specially Bodonchar was described about his paternal ancestry rather than maternal, his father mentioned as Anqawi Khan, then his grandfather Qyal Khan, then great-grandfather Ayi Khan, then his great-great-grandfather Tangez Khan, then his great-great-great-grandfather Manqali Khan, and Manqali was the great-grandson of Oghuz Khan and Oghuz mentioning as the descendent of Mongol Khan and long way Mongol tracing his ancestry to Turk who was the oldest son of Yafith and grandson to the Islamic Prophet Nuh, as Shajras the family trees tracing lineages through first human and first Islamic Prophet Adam to Bodonchar as 28th-generations. about Bodonchar mother in Timurid Scribes she was not necessarily mentioned because The Secret History of Mongols, mentioning her named as Alan Gua the mythological women.[2]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i The secret history of the Mongols : a Mongolian epic chronicle of the thirteenth century. Igor de Rachewiltz. Leiden. 2006. ISBN 90-04-15363-2. OCLC 173262183.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^ a b c Lee, Joo-Yup (2016). "The Historical Meaning of the Term Turk and the Nature of the Turkic Identity of the Chinggisid and Timurid Elites in Post-Mongol Central Asia". Central Asiatic Journal. 59 (1–2): 120–129. doi:10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0101. ISSN 0008-9192. JSTOR 10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0101.
  3. ^ Munis, M.R.M.Agahi, Firdaws al-iqbal, p. 15
  4. ^ Atwood, Christopher P. "Six Pre-Chinggisid Genealogies in the Mongol Empire". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ a b c Timur; Stewart, Charles, eds. (2013), "CHAPTER III", The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language, Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 27–31, doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015, ISBN 978-1-108-05602-1, retrieved 2022-08-18
  6. ^ Quinn, Sholeh (2020). Persian Historiography across Empires: The Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. Cambridge University Press. p. 24.
  7. ^ Dodangeh, Abdollah. "Şeceretü'l-Etrak, Tarih-i Ekvâm-ı Erbe'a [Ulûs-u Erbe'a] Adlı Eser Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme": 5. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)