Bovine leukemia virus

For other viral leucosis, see Leucosis.
Bovine leukemia virus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Pararnavirae
Phylum: Artverviricota
Class: Revtraviricetes
Order: Ortervirales
Family: Retroviridae
Genus: Deltaretrovirus
Species:
Bovine leukemia virus
Synonyms[1]
  • Bovine leukosis virus
  • Bovine type C oncovirus

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus which causes enzootic bovine leukosis in cattle. It is closely related to the human T‑lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I). BLV may integrate into the genomic DNA of B‑lymphocytes as a DNA intermediate (the provirus), or exist as unintegrated circular or linear forms.[2] Besides structural and enzymatic genes required for virion production, BLV expresses the Tax protein and microRNAs involved in cell proliferation and oncogenesis .[3][4][5] In cattle, most infected animals are asymptomatic; leukemia is rare (about 5% of infected animals), but lymphoproliferation is more frequent (30%).

  1. ^ "ICTV Taxonomy history: Bovine leukemia virus". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 22 January 2019.
  2. ^ Reyes RA, Cockerell GL (August 1996). "Unintegrated bovine leukemia virus DNA: association with viral expression and disease". Journal of Virology. 70 (8): 4961–5. doi:10.1128/JVI.70.8.4961-4965.1996. PMC 190448. PMID 8764001.
  3. ^ Willems, L.; Heremans, H.; Chen, G.; Portetelle, D.; Billiau, A.; Burny, A.; Kettmann, R. (May 1990). "Cooperation between bovine leukaemia virus transactivator protein and Ha-ras oncogene product in cellular transformation". The EMBO Journal. 9 (5): 1577–1581. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08277.x. PMC 551852. PMID 2158445.
  4. ^ Gillet, Nicolas A.; Hamaidia, Malik; de Brogniez, Alix; Gutiérrez, Gerónimo; Renotte, Nathalie; Reichert, Michal; Trono, Karina; Willems, Luc (2016-04-28). Sullivan, Christopher S (ed.). "Bovine Leukemia Virus Small Noncoding RNAs Are Functional Elements That Regulate Replication and Contribute to Oncogenesis In Vivo". PLOS Pathogens. 12 (4): e1005588. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005588. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 4849745. PMID 27123579.
  5. ^ Safari, Roghaiyeh; Jacques, Jean-Rock; Brostaux, Yves; Willems, Luc (2020-05-14). Cullen, Bryan R. (ed.). "Ablation of non-coding RNAs affects bovine leukemia virus B lymphocyte proliferation and abrogates oncogenesis". PLOS Pathogens. 16 (5): e1008502. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008502. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 7252678. PMID 32407379.