Boxer Stele Fragment from Kerameikos

This marble fragment of a funerary stele depicting a boxer is dated at circa 540 BC.^[1] The individual's depiction as a boxer is apparent in his broken nose, cauliflower ear, and the strapped wrist that he holds aloft – these straps were used by the Ancient Greeks to secure knuckle-guards for boxing competitions.^[2] It is considered one of the earliest examples of a highly individualized athlete depiction in Ancient Greek sculpture,^[3] and "nearer to a portrait than any other work surviving from Archaic Greece" (together with the Sabouroff head).^[4] It utilizes relief carving techniques to characterize a subject long before high degrees of individual characterization were apparent in freestanding sculpture.^[2]