Brachyspira

Brachyspira
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Spirochaetota
Class: Spirochaetia
Order: Brachyspirales
Family: Brachyspiraceae
Genus: Brachyspira
Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983 non Foliella non Pfeiffer 1855
Type species
Brachyspira aalborgi
Hovind-Hougen et al. 1983
Species

See text.

Synonyms
  • "Anguillina" Lee et al. 1993 non Cossmann 1912 non Hammerschmidt 1839
  • Serpula Stanton et al. 1991 non (Persson 1801) Gray 1821 non Linnaeus 1758 non Coy 1862
  • Serpulina Stanton 1992 non Zborzevski 1834

Brachyspira is a genus of bacteria classified within the phylum Spirochaetota.[1][2] [3]

Brachyspira species include pathogens in pigs, birds, dogs, and humans.

B. pilosicoli colonizes millions of humans worldwide, leading to human intestinal spirochaetosis, a chronic, intermittent watery diarrhea vastly underdiagnosed [4] because of the lack of a simple diagnostic tool for clinicians. Multiplex qPCRs are promising diagnostic tools, as Brachyspira do not grow on conventional media.[5]

B. pilosicoli also cause avian spirochetosis:[1] birds might be considered as the natural reservoir.

B. hyodysenteriae leads to diarrheal disease in growing pigs worldwide, causing the so-called swine dysentery, typhlocolitis or porcine intestinal spirochaetosis, which contributes to major "production losses" in agrobusiness.

Some species like B. innocens or B. intermedia seem to be less virulent.

  1. ^ a b Le Roy, Caroline I.; Mappley, Luke J.; La Ragione, Roberto M.; Woodward, Martin J.; Claus, Sandrine P. (5 March 2019). "Brachyspira pilosicoli-induced avian intestinal spirochaetosis". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. 26: 28853. doi:10.3402/mehd.v26.28853. PMC 4683989. PMID 26679774.
  2. ^ See the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Data extracted from J.P. Euzéby. "Spirochaetes". Archived from the original on 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
  3. ^ See the NCBI webpage on Spirochaetes Data extracted from Sayers; et al. "NCBI Taxonomy Browser". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
  4. ^ Hampson, David J. (2017). "The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 31 (1). doi:10.1128/CMR.00087-17. PMC 5740978. PMID 29187397.
  5. ^ Borgström, Anna; Scherrer, Simone; Kirchgässner, Constanze; Schmitt, Sarah; Frei, Daniel; Wittenbrink, Max M. (7 February 2017). "A novel multiplex qPCR targeting 23S rDNA for diagnosis of swine dysentery and porcine intestinal spirochaetosis". BMC Veterinary Research. 13 (1): 42. doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0939-6. PMC 5297149. PMID 28173799.