Brachyspira pilosicoli

Brachyspira pilosicoli
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Spirochaetota
Class: Spirochaetia
Order: Brachyspirales
Family: Brachyspiraceae
Genus: Brachyspira
Species:
B. pilosicoli
Binomial name
Brachyspira pilosicoli
Brandt and Ingvorsen, 1998 [1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Serpulina pilosicoli [1]

Brachyspira pilosicoli is a gram-negative, anaerobic, host-associated spirochete that colonizes the intestinal tract of animals and humans.[2][3] It appears as a characteristic "false brush border" due to its end-on attachment to enterocytes of the colon where it interferes with intestinal absorption.[4] B. pilosicoli is unique from other Brachyspira species because it colonizes a variety of domestic animals including pigs, chickens, dogs, wild birds, rodents, and humans.[3] It is the causative agent of intestinal spirochetosis in pigs, chickens, and humans.[4] In particular, B. pilosicoli has been described as an important colonic pathogen of pigs and chickens, causing colitis and diarrhea resulting in depressed rates of growth and impaired production on farms where infections with B. pilosicoli may be endemic.[5][6] Bacterial attachment disrupts the colonic enterocytes and associated villi, causing the symptoms characteristic of intestinal spirochetosis.[7] Additionally, B. pilosicoli is associated with clinical disease in human infections where it has implications for public health.[2]

  1. ^ a b c Brandt KK, Ingvorsen K (1998). "Validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. List No. 64". Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48: 327–8. doi:10.1099/00207713-48-1-327.
  2. ^ a b Smith JL (July 2005). "Colonic spirochetosis in animals and humans". Journal of Food Protection. 68 (7): 1525–34. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1525. PMID 16013401.
  3. ^ a b Markey B, Leonard F, Archambault M, Cullinane A, Maguire D (2013). Clinical Veterinary Microbiology (second ed.). Edinburgh: MOSBY Elsevier. pp. 338–391. ISBN 9780702055898.
  4. ^ a b Hampson DJ (January 2018). "The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 31 (1). doi:10.1128/CMR.00087-17. PMC 5740978. PMID 29187397.
  5. ^ Le Roy CI, Mappley LJ, La Ragione RM, Woodward MJ, Claus SP (2015-12-15). "Brachyspira pilosicoli-induced avian intestinal spirochaetosis". Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. 26: 28853. doi:10.3402/mehd.v26.28853. PMC 4683989. PMID 26679774.
  6. ^ Casas V, Rodríguez-Asiain A, Pinto-Llorente R, Vadillo S, Carrascal M, Abian J (2017). "B. pilosicoli Proteins Recognized by Sera of Challenged Pigs". Frontiers in Microbiology. 8: 723. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00723. PMC 5415613. PMID 28522991.
  7. ^ "Intestinal Spirochetosis in Pigs". Merck Veterinary Manual. September 2013.