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| Brazilian German | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Brazil |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  Brazil[2][3] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (partially included in pdt (Plautdietsch), hrx (Hunsrik), nds (Low German, more specifically East Pomeranian in Brazil)) |
The German-based varieties spoken by German Brazilians together form a significant minority language in Brazil. "Brazilian German" is strongly influenced by Portuguese and to a lesser extent by Italian dialects as well as indigenous languages. High German and Low Saxon/German dialects and Germanic languages are particularly strong in Brazil's South and Southeast Regions. According to Ethnologue, ca. 3 million people in Brazil speak the Hunsrik Language, 1.5 million speak Standard German.[citation needed]
German speakers from Germany, Switzerland and Austria make up the largest group of immigrants after Portuguese and Italian speakers. They tended to preserve their language longer than the speakers of Italian, which is closer to Portuguese. Consequently, German and Low Saxon/German was the second most common family language in Brazil at the 1940 census. However, even in areas that are still dominated by German speakers, most are bilingual. Today, (Low-) German is increasingly cultivated as a cultural heritage, and several municipalities have recently given co-official status with Portuguese to one Brazilian variant or another of it.
The language Hunsrik or Riograndenser Hunsrückisch is the most significant variant. It is particularly well represented in the two southernmost states, Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. But especially in Espírito Santo there are significant pockets whose dialect is based on East Low German (East Pomeranian),[4][3] and some other dialects can be found locally due to 20th century immigration.
- ^ Hunsrik, Ethnologue (2016).
- ^ "IPOL realizará formação de recenseadores para o censo linguístico do município de Antônio Carlos-SC - IPOL". e-ipol.org.
- ^ a b
"Pommern in Brasilien - LernCafe – Online-Journal zur allgemeinen Weiterbildung". www.lerncafe.de. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-07-23. - ^ [1] Archived November 20, 2012, at the Wayback Machine