Brodsky, feminine: Brodskaya (Ukrainian: Бродський, Russian: Бродский) is a toponymic surname derived from Brody, a town in Ukraine. The name is common among Ashkenazi Jews.
The Czech surname Brodský (feminine: Brodská) is derived from the word brod (meaning ford) for someone who lived near a ford.
Notable people with this surname include:
- Nina Brodskaya, Soviet singer
- Yulia Brodskaya, artist and illustrator
- Adam Brodsky, American Drummer / Musician
- Adolph Brodsky (1851–1929), Russian violinist and music teacher
- Alexander Brodsky, contemporary architect and artist
- Chuck Brodsky (born 1960), American musician
- G. W. Stephen Brodsky (born 1933), Canadian literary research scholar, author
- Gail Brodsky (born 1991), American tennis player
- Hyman Brodsky (1852–1937), Russian-American rabbi
- Isaac Brodsky (1884–1939), Soviet painter
- Jascha Brodsky (1907–1997), Ukrainian-American violinist
- Joel Brodsky (1939–2007), photographer
- Joseph Brodsky (1940–1996), Russian poet and Nobel Prize winner
- Joseph Brodsky (lawyer), chief lawyer for the International Labor Defense
- Julian A. Brodsky (born 1933), American businessman
- Lazar Brodsky (1848–1904), Ukrainian businessman and philanthropist
- Louis Daniel Brodsky (1941–2014), American poet
- Michael Brodsky (born 1948), American novelist and playwright
- Mykhaylo Brodskyy (born 1959), Ukrainian politician and businessman
- Richard Brodsky (1946–2020), American politician and lawyer
- Sol Brodsky (1923–1984), American comic book artist and head of production of Marvel Comics
- Stanley Brodsky (born 1940), American physicist
- Stephen Brodsky, lead singer and guitar player for alternative metal band Cave In
- Vadim Brodsky (born 1950), Ukrainian-Polish violinist
- Vsevolod Brodsky (1909–1981), Russian-Soviet painter and illustrator, Editor-in-Chief of Molodaya Gvardiya (Young Guard) publishing house
- Vlastimil Brodský (1920–2002), Czech actor
- Tereza Brodská (born 1968), Czech actress
- Marek Brodský [cs], Czech actor, singer, and songwriter