Brome mosaic virus

Brome mosaic virus
Crystal structure of Brome mosaic virus
Transmission electron micrograph of brome mosaic virus (BMV) virions
Crystal structure of Brome mosaic virus, PDB entry 1js9[1]
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Martellivirales
Family: Bromoviridae
Genus: Bromovirus
Species:
Brome mosaic virus

Brome mosaic virus (BMV) is a small (28 nm, 86S), positive-stranded, icosahedral RNA plant virus belonging to the genus Bromovirus, family Bromoviridae, in the Alphavirus-like superfamily.

BMV was first isolated in 1942 from bromegrass (Bromus inermis),[2] had its genomic organization determined by the 1970s, and was completely sequenced with commercially available clones by the 1980s.[3][4]

The alphavirus-like superfamily includes more than 250 plant and animal viruses including Tobacco mosaic virus, Semliki forest virus, Hepatitis E virus, Sindbis virus, and arboviruses (which cause certain types of encephalitis).[5][6] Many of the positive-strand RNA viruses that belong to the alphavirus family share a high degree of similarity in proteins involved in genomic replication and synthesis.[7][8] The sequence similarities of RNA replication genes and strategies for BMV have been shown to extend to a wide range of plant and animal viruses beyond the alphaviruses, including many other positive-strand RNA viruses from other families.[9] Understanding how these viruses replicate and targeting key points in their life cycle can help advance antiviral treatments worldwide.

  1. ^ Lucas, R. W.; Larson, S. B.; McPherson, A. (2002). "The crystallographic structure of Brome mosaic virus". Journal of Molecular Biology. 317 (1): 95–108. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5389. PMID 11916381.
  2. ^ Lane, L. C. (1974). "The bromoviruses". Advances in Virus Research Volume 19. Vol. 19. pp. 151–220. doi:10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60660-0. ISBN 9780120398195. PMID 4613160. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  3. ^ Ahlquist, P.; Luckow, V.; Kaesberg, P. (1981). "Complete nucleotide sequence of brome mosaic virus RNA3". Journal of Molecular Biology. 153 (1): 23–38. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(81)90524-6. PMID 7338913.
  4. ^ Lane, 2003
  5. ^ Sullivan & Ahlquist, 1997
  6. ^ Lampio, 1999
  7. ^ Ahlquist, P.; Strauss, E. G.; Rice, C. M.; Strauss, J. H.; Haseloff, J.; Zimmern, D. (1985). "Sindbis virus proteins nsP1 and nsP2 contain homology to nonstructural proteins from several RNA plant viruses". Journal of Virology. 53 (2): 536–542. doi:10.1128/JVI.53.2.536-542.1985. PMC 254668. PMID 3968720.
  8. ^ French, R.; Ahlquist, P. (1988). "Characterization and engineering of sequences controlling in vivo synthesis of brome mosaic virus subgenomic RNA". Journal of Virology. 62 (7): 2411–2420. doi:10.1128/JVI.62.7.2411-2420.1988. PMC 253399. PMID 3373573.
  9. ^ Ahlquist, P. (1992). "Bromovirus RNA replication and transcription". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 2 (1): 71–76. doi:10.1016/S0959-437X(05)80325-9. PMID 1378769.