Bunjevac dialect

Bunjevac
bunjevački
Native toBosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Hungary, Serbia (Vojvodina)
Native speakers
6,800 (2011)[1]
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
Glottologbunj1247
South Slavic languages and dialects
Western South Slavic
Eastern South Slavic
Transitional dialects
Alphabets
a Includes Banat Bulgarian alphabet.
Map of Shtokavian dialects. Shtokavian or Štokavian (/ʃtɒˈkɑːviən, -ˈkæv-/; Serbo-Croatian Latin: štokavski / Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: штокавски, pronounced [ʃtǒːkaʋskiː]) is the prestige dialect of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language and the basis of its Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin standards, as well for sub-dialects. It is a part of the South Slavic dialect continuum.
Ethnic map of the Municipality of Subotica showing e.g. villages with Bunjevac majority, including both, Bunjevci who declared themselves as Croats and Bunjevci who declared themselves as Bunjevci.

The Bunjevac dialect (bunjevački dijalekt),[2] also known as Bunjevac speech (bunjevački govor),[3] is a Neo-Shtokavian Younger Ikavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian pluricentric language,[4] preserved among members of the Bunjevac community mostly in the Bačka area of northern Serbia and southern Hungary (Bács-Kiskun County), particularly in Baja and surroundings. It is also found in Croatia (e.g. Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Lika-Senj County, Slavonia, Split-Dalmatia County, Vukovar-Srijem County), and in Bosnia-Herzegovina. They presumably originate from western Herzegovina. Their accent is purely Ikavian, with /i/ for the Common Slavic vowels yat.[5]

Bunjevac dialect has been included in the list of official public administrative languages of the Subotica Municipality in Serbia since 2021. And Croatia added in 2021 the Bunjevac dialect to the list of protected intangible cultural heritage. Within the Bunjevac community and between Serbia and Croatia is for several decades an ongoing language battle about the status of Bunjevac speech.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference census was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Aleksandar Raič and Suzana Kujundžić Ostojić (2014). Bunjevci izmed asimilacije i nacionalne zajednice. p. 144. Bunjevački jezik u javnoj upotribi. Dakle, za onaj jezik za koji mi kažemo jezik, a zvanično je priznat ko dijalekat.
  3. ^ "Grgo Bačlija: Bunjevački je govor, a ne jezik". Hrvatska Riječ (in Croatian). 2021-03-08. Archived from the original on 2021-07-31. Povodom odluke Skupštine grada Subotice izglasane 4. ožujka da se tzv. bunjevački jezik uvrsti kao službeni u Statut Grada Subotice, dopis našem Uredništvu poslao je umirovljeni odvjetnik Grgo Bačlija, koji je s skupa Markom Peićem, autor Rečnika bačkih Bunjevaca iz 1990. godine. Drugo, dopunjeno izdanje toga rječnika objavljeno je 2018. u nakladi Bunjevačkog nacionalnog savita i Matice srpske i smatra se jednim od temelja standardizacije tzv. bunjevačkog jezika u Srbiji. Bačlija ističe kako su se Peić i on, prilikom istraživanja u Bajskom trokutu za potrebe rječnika, vodili činjenicom da se radi o govoru, odnosno dijalektu Bunjevaca a ne o jeziku. Podsjeća i da je rječnik izišao kao prva knjiga u ediciji Dijalekatski rečnici Matice srpske.
  4. ^ Tošović, Branko. "Bosnisch/Bosniakisch, Kroatisch und Serbisch (B/K/S)". Archived from the original on 2022-12-01. Retrieved 2022-05-21. Bis in die 1990er-Jahre wurde diese Sprache einheitlich offiziell als Serbokroatisch/Kroatoserbisch, inoffiziell als Serbisch und Kroatisch bezeichnet. Den Namen Serbokroatisch verwendete erstmals Jacob Grimm im Vorwort zu seiner Übersetzung der Kleinen Serbischen Grammatik (1824) von Vuk Stefanović Karadžić. Im Jahre 1836 benutzt Jernej Kopitar den Ausdruck "serbochorvatica sive chorvatocoserbica". P. Budmani veröffentlichte 1867 die Grammatica della lingua serbo-croata (illirica), und im Jahre 1877 erschien die Grammaire de la language serbo-croate des Kroaten Dragutin Pančić. Die Sprache, beziehungsweise die Sprachen, die aus dem ehemaligen Serbokroatischen entstanden sind, stellen ein kompliziertes soziolinguistisches Phänomen dar. Diese Komplexität ist gegeben, weil eine genetisch identische Sprache von (1) mehreren Nationen (Serben, Montenegrinen, Kroaten, Muslime/Bosniaken), (2) mehreren Religionen (Orthodoxen, Katholiken, Muslimen) gesprochen wird und weil diese Sprache (3) eine breite dialektologische Gliederung (das Štokavische, das Čakavische, das Kajkavische), (4) verschiedene Aussprachen (das Ekavische, das Ijekavische, das Ikavische) und (5) zwei Schriften (Lateinschrift, Kyrillica) aufweist.
  5. ^ "Masumi Kameda. Language Ideologies of the Bunjevac Minority in Vojvodina: Historical Backgrounds and the Post-1991 Situation" (PDF). 2014. pp. 95–119.