Burton (crater)

Burton
Viking Orbiter 1 image with Burton at the bottom
PlanetMars
Coordinates13°54′S 156°18′W / 13.9°S 156.3°W / -13.9; -156.3
QuadrangleMemnonia
Diameter123.2 km (76.6 mi)
EponymCharles E. Burton

Burton is an impact crater in the Memnonia quadrangle of Mars. It is 123.0 km in diameter and was named after British astronomer Charles E. Burton; the name was approved in 1973.[1]

It has a central peak. Impact craters generally have a rim with ejecta around them, in contrast volcanic craters usually do not have a rim or ejecta deposits. As craters get larger (greater than 10 km in diameter) they usually have a central peak.[2] The peak is caused by a rebound of the crater floor following the impact.[3]

Cobres crater is northeast of Burton, and Marca crater is to the northwest. Mangala Valles is to the east.

In December 2021, three craters immediately south of Burton were named. These are Karratha,[4] Khujirt,[5] and Dampier.[6] Karratha is within Dampier.

  • Middle section of Burton crater, as seen by CTX camera (on MRO)
    Middle section of Burton crater, as seen by CTX camera (on MRO)
  • Central peaks of Burton crater, showing dark slope streaks. Note: this is an enlargement of the previous image.
    Central peaks of Burton crater, showing dark slope streaks. Note: this is an enlargement of the previous image.
  • Topographic map showing the central peak
    Topographic map showing the central peak
  • Mosaic of Viking Orbiter 1 images, acquired near the end of the Viking mission in 1980
    Mosaic of Viking Orbiter 1 images, acquired near the end of the Viking mission in 1980
  1. ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | Burton". usgs.gov. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
  2. ^ "Stones, Wind, and Ice: A Guide to Martian Impact Craters".
  3. ^ Hugh H. Kieffer (1992). Mars. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 978-0-8165-1257-7. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
  4. ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | Karratha". usgs.gov. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  5. ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | Khujirt". usgs.gov. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 9 January 2022.
  6. ^ "Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature | Dampier". usgs.gov. International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 9 January 2022.