Business-firm party

Andrej Babiš's ANO 2011 has been described as "an extreme form of a business-firm party".[1]

A business-firm party, entrepreneurial party,[2] or personal party[3][4][5] is a type of political party that is centered on a charismatic political entrepreneur, most often created by that person to further their own interests.[6]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference extreme was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kosowska was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kefford was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Romania was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Smrek, Michal (2020). "Can Personal Parties Facilitate Women's Political Seniority? A Study of Internal Rules of Conduct". Social Politics. 29 (1): 240–259. doi:10.1093/sp/jxaa031.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Oxford was invoked but never defined (see the help page).