Ancient Butuan But'ban[1] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before 1001–1597[2][3] | |||||||||
&sq=Qlik&lang=&file=File:Butuan_1521.png) Map of the Rajahnate of Butuan in 1521, with Butuan proper (colored dark brown), its controlled territories (brown), and territories under its influence (light brown). | |||||||||
| Capital | Butuan | ||||||||
| Common languages | Butuanon,[4] Old Malay, other Visayan languages | ||||||||
| Religion | Hinduism (official), Buddhism and animism | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | Before 1001 | ||||||||
• First historical reference by Song dynasty records | 1001 | ||||||||
• Blood compact with Ferdinand Magellan | 31 March 1521 | ||||||||
• Christianization of the polity under Silongan | 1567 | ||||||||
• Area conquered by Spain | 8 September 1597[2][3] | ||||||||
| Currency | Piloncitos,[5] barter rings | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Philippines | ||||||||
| Part of a series on the |
| Pre-colonial history of the Philippines |
|---|
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| See also: History of the Philippines |
Butuan, also called the Rajahnate of Butuan and the Kingdom of Butuan (Filipino: Kaharian ng Butuan; Butuanon: Gingharian hong Butuan; Cebuano: Gingharian sa Butuan; Chinese: 蒲端國; pinyin: Púduānguó), was a precolonial Bisaya Hindu polity (lungsod) centered around northeastern Mindanao island in present-day Butuan, Philippines. It was known for its gold mining, gold jewelry and other wares, and its extensive trade network across maritime Southeast Asia and elsewhere. Over its long history the lungsod had direct trading relationships with the ancient civilizations of China, Champa, Đại Việt, Pon-i (Brunei), Srivijaya, Majapahit, Kambuja, and even Persia as well as areas now comprised in Thailand.[6][7]
The balangay (large outrigger boats) that have been found along the east and west banks of the Libertad River (the old Agusan River) have revealed much about Butuan's history. As a result, Butuan is considered to have been a major trading port in the Caraga region during the precolonial era.[8]
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Schreurs, Peter (1982). "Four Flags Over Butuan". Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. 10 (1/2): 26–37. ISSN 0115-0243. JSTOR 29791752.
- ^ ""Butuan City – Historic City and the Home of the Balangays"".
- ^ Fred S. Cabuang (September 6, 2007). "Saving Butuanon language". Archived from the original on August 30, 2008. Retrieved October 9, 2009.
- ^ Ocampo, Ambeth R. (August 30, 2011). "'Piloncitos' and the 'Philippine golden age'". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
- ^ "The Cultural Influences of India, China, Arabia, and Japan". Philippine Almanac. July 14, 2010. Archived from the original on November 24, 2010.
- ^ "Butuan Archeological Sites". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
- ^ Lealiz, Sia (February 4, 2009). "Discovering the Ancient Kingdom of Butuan". The Philippine Star. Retrieved October 9, 2009.