Buyeo

Buyeo 夫餘 (Korean) (Hanja) 부여 (Hangul) 夫餘/扶餘 (Chinese)
c. 2nd century BC–494 AD
Map of Buyeo (3rd century)
Capital	Buyeo
Common languages	Buyeo, Classical Chinese (literary)
Religion	Buddhism, Shamanism
Government	Monarchy
King
• ?–?	Hae Mo-su?
• 86 – 48 BC	Buru
• ? – 494 AD	Jan (孱) (last)
Historical era	Ancient
• Established	c. 2nd century BC
• Disestablished	494 AD
Succeeded by Eastern Buyeo Goguryeo Baekje
Today part of	China

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History of Manchuria
Prehistoric period Liao civilization
Ancient to Classical period Gojoseon Sushen Donghu Yemaek Takri Kingdom Yan (Warring States) Xiongnu Han dynasty Wuhuan Xianbei state Yan (Three Kingdoms) Cao Wei Buyeo Goguryeo Sima Jin dynasty Yuwen Former Yan Former Qin Later Yan Northern Yan Kumo Xi Khitan Mohe Shiwei Göktürk Khaganate
Medieval to Early Modern period Eastern Turkic Khaganate Tang dynasty (Andong Protectorate) Balhae Little Goguryeo Dongdan Kingdom Later Balhae Jeongan Liao dynasty Xingliao Jurchen Jin dynasty Yuan rule Northern Yuan Ming rule (Nurgan) Later Jin Sino-Russian border conflicts (Jaxa) Qing rule
Modern period Amur Annexation Chuang Guandong Korean and Russian invasions Russian Dalian Beiyang government (Fengtian Clique) Far Eastern Republic Green Ukraine Kwantung Leased Territory Nationalist government Korean People's Association in Manchuria Japanese invasion Manchukuo Liaoshen Campaign (Chinese Civil War) Manchuria/Northeast China Outer Manchuria (in Russian Far East)
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Prehistoric period Palaeolithic 700,000 BC-8000 BC Neolithic 8000 BC–1500 BC * Jeulmun Bronze Age 1500 BC–300 BC * Mumun * Liaoning dagger
Ancient period Gojoseon 2333 BC–108 BC * Dangun * Gija * Wiman Jin 4th–2nd century BC Yemaek
Proto–Three Kingdoms period Takri Dongye Buyeo Eastern Galsa Okjeo Samhan Ma Byeon Jin Goguryeo Tamna Nakrang Four Commanderies of Han
Three Kingdoms period Goguryeo 37 BC–668 AD Baekje 18 BC–660 AD Silla 57 BC–935 AD Gaya confederacy 42–562 Tamna (Tributary of Baekje) 498–660 Usan 512–930
Northern and Southern period United Silla (Unified Silla) 668–892 Balhae 698–926 Little Goguryeo 699–820 Tamna (Tributary of Silla) 662–925
Later Three Kingdoms period Later Baekje 892–936 Taebong (Later Goguryeo) 901–918 Unified Silla (Later Silla) 892–935 Later Sabeol 919–927 Dongdan Kingdom 926–936 Later Balhae 927–935 Jeongan 938–986
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Buyeo^[1] (Korean: 부여; Korean pronunciation: [pu.jʌ]; Chinese: 夫餘/扶餘; pinyin: Fūyú/Fúyú), also rendered as Puyŏ^[2][3] or Fuyu,^[1][3][4][5] was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It had ties to the Yemaek people, who are considered to be the ancestors of modern Koreans.^[6][7][8] Buyeo is considered a major predecessor of the Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo and Baekje.

According to the Book of the Later Han, Buyeo was initially placed under the jurisdiction of the Xuantu Commandery,^[9] one of Four Commanderies of Han in the later Western Han. Buyeo entered into formal diplomatic relations with the Eastern Han dynasty by the mid-1st century AD as an important ally of that empire to check the Xianbei and Goguryeo threats. Jurisdiction of Buyeo was then placed under the Liaodong Commandery of the Eastern Han.^[10] After an incapacitating Xianbei invasion in 285, Buyeo was restored with help from the Jin dynasty. This, however, marked the beginning of a period of decline. A second Xianbei invasion in 346 finally destroyed the state excepting remnants in its core region; these survived as vassals of Goguryeo until their final annexation in 494.^[11]

Inhabitants of Buyeo included the Yemaek tribe.^[12][13] There are no scholarly consensus on the classification of the languages spoken by the Puyo, with theories including Japonic,^[14] Amuric^[15] and a separate branch of macro-Tungusic.^[16] According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, the Buyeo language was similar to those of Goguryeo and Ye, and the language of Okjeo was only slightly different from them.^[17] Both Goguryeo and Baekje, two of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, considered themselves Buyeo's successors.^[18][19][20]