C9orf72 (chromosome 9 open reading frame 72) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the gene C9orf72.
The human C9orf72 gene is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72, from base pair 27,546,546 to base pair 27,573,866 (GRCh38). Its cytogenetic location is at 9p21.2.[5]
The protein is found in many regions of the brain, in the cytoplasm of neurons as well as in presynaptic terminals. Disease-causing mutations in the gene were first discovered by two independent research teams, led by Rosa Rademakers of Mayo Clinic and Bryan Traynor of the National Institutes of Health, and were first reported in October 2011.[6][7] The mutations in C9orf72 are significant because it is the first pathogenic mechanism identified to be a genetic link between familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is the most common mutation identified that is associated with familial FTD and/or ALS in Caucasians.[8]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147894 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028300 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ C9orf72 chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 [Homo sapiens] - Gene - NCBI
- ^ DeJesus-Hernandez M, Mackenzie IR, Boeve BF, Boxer AL, Baker M, Rutherford NJ, et al. (October 2011). "Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in noncoding region of C9ORF72 causes chromosome 9p-linked FTD and ALS". Neuron. 72 (2): 245–56. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.011. PMC 3202986. PMID 21944778.
- ^ Renton AE, Majounie E, Waite A, Simón-Sánchez J, Rollinson S, Gibbs JR, et al. (October 2011). "A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-linked ALS-FTD". Neuron. 72 (2): 257–68. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.010. PMC 3200438. PMID 21944779.
- ^ Babić Leko M, Župunski V, Kirincich J, Smilović D, Hortobágyi T, Hof PR, Šimić G (2019). "C9orf72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Expansion". Behavioural Neurology. 2019: 2909168. doi:10.1155/2019/2909168. PMC 6350563. PMID 30774737.