CONELRAD

CONELRAD
CONELRAD Logo, incorporating the shield of United States Civil Defense
TypeEmergency warning system
Country
United States
Broadcast area
Nationwide
Ownership
OwnerFederal Civil Defense Administration
History
Launch date1951
ClosedAugust 5, 1963
Replaced byEmergency Broadcast System (as Emergency Action Notification System)
Coverage
Stations640 AM or 1240 AM
TransmittersVarious

CONELRAD (Control of Electromagnetic Radiation) was a method of emergency broadcasting to the public of the United States in the event of enemy attack during the Cold War. It was intended to allow continuous broadcast of civil defense information to the public using radio stations, while rapidly switching the transmitter stations to make the broadcasts unsuitable for Soviet bombers that might attempt to home in on the signals (as was done during World War II, when German radio stations, based in or near cities, were used as beacons by bomber pilots).

U.S. President Harry S. Truman established CONELRAD in 1951. After the development of intercontinental ballistic missiles reduced the likelihood of a bomber attack, and the development of superior navigation systems that did not rely on radio direction finding for use in those bomber aircraft which were sent against the United States, CONELRAD was replaced by the Emergency Broadcast System (EBS) on August 5, 1963, which was later replaced by the Emergency Alert System (EAS) on January 1, 1997; all have been administered by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).[1]

Unlike the EBS and EAS, CONELRAD was never intended for use in local civil emergencies such as severe weather. However, the system's alerting protocol could be used for alerting of a natural disaster by 1957.[2]

  1. ^ "Defense: Sign-off for conelrad". TIME. July 12, 1963. Retrieved 20 July 2023.
  2. ^ Janzen, Lukas (December 2017). "WE MUST BE READY FOR A NEW DANGER: OPERATION ALERT, CONELRAD, AND CIVIL DEFENSE IN THE EARLY COLD WAR". Retrieved 7 October 2022.