Cytochrome P450 2C19 (abbreviated CYP2C19) is an enzyme protein. It is a member of the CYP2C subfamily of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system. This subfamily includes enzymes that catalyze metabolism of xenobiotics, including some proton pump inhibitors and antiepileptic drugs. In humans, it is the CYP2C19 gene that encodes the CYP2C19 protein.[3][4] CYP2C19 is a liver enzyme that acts on at least 10% of drugs in current clinical use,[5] most notably the antiplatelet treatment clopidogrel (Plavix), drugs that treat pain associated with ulcers, such as omeprazole, antiseizure drugs such as mephenytoin, the antimalarial proguanil, and the anxiolytic diazepam.[6]
CYP2C19 has been annotated as (R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase and (S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase in UniProt.
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165841 – Ensembl, May 2017
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- ^ Romkes M, Faletto MB, Blaisdell JA, Raucy JL, Goldstein JA (April 1991). "Cloning and expression of complementary DNAs for multiple members of the human cytochrome P450IIC subfamily". Biochemistry. 30 (13): 3247–3255. doi:10.1021/bi00227a012. PMID 2009263.
- ^ Gray IC, Nobile C, Muresu R, Ford S, Spurr NK (July 1995). "A 2.4-megabase physical map spanning the CYP2C gene cluster on chromosome 10q24". Genomics. 28 (2): 328–332. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1149. PMID 8530044.
- ^ "CYP2C19 gene". NIH Genetics Home Reference. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
- ^ "Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) Genotype". Mayo Medical Laboratories. June 2013. Archived from the original on 15 April 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2014.