Cadmium sulfide

Cadmium sulfide
3D model of the structure of hawleyite
3D model of the structure of hawleyite
3D model of the structure of greenockite
3D model of the structure of greenockite
Names
Other names
cadmium(II) sulfide
greenockite
hawleyite
cadmium yellow
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.013.771 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 215-147-8
13655
RTECS number
  • EV3150000
UNII
UN number 2570
  • InChI=1S/Cd.S/q+2;-2 checkY
    Key: FRLJSGOEGLARCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/Cd.S/q+2;-2
    Key: FRLJSGOEGLARCA-UHFFFAOYAL
  • monomer: [S-2].[Cd+2]
  • hawleyite: [SH+2]12[CdH2-2] [SH+2]3[CdH2-2] [SH+2]([CdH-2]14)[CdH-2]1[S+2]5([CdH-2]38)[Cd-2]26[SH+2]2[CdH-2]([S+2]4)[SH+2]1[CdH2-2] [SH+2]3[CdH-2]2[S+2] [CdH-2]([SH+2]6[CdH-2]([SH+2])[SH+2]68)[SH+2]([CdH2-2]6)[CdH-2]35
  • greenockite: [CdH2-2]1[S+2]47[CdH-2]2[S+2] [CdH-2]3[S+2]8([CdH2-2] [SH+2]([CdH2-2]4)[CdH2-2]6)[CdH-2]4[S+2] [CdH-2]5[S+2]6([CdH2-2]6)[Cd-2]78[S+2]78[CdH-2]([SH+2]69)[SH+2]5[CdH2-2] [SH+2]4[CdH-2]7[SH+2]3[CdH2-2] [SH+2]2[CdH-2]8[SH+2]1[CdH2-2]9
  • greenockite: [CdH2-2]1[SH+2]([CdH2-2]6)[CdH2-2] [SH+2]7[CdH-2]2[S+2] [Cd-2]3([S+2] [CdH-2]9[S+2]5)[S+2]18[Cd-2]45[S+2] [CdH-2]5[SH+2]6[Cd-2]78[S+2]78[CdH2-2] [SH+2]5[CdH2-2] [S+2]4([CdH2-2] [SH+2]9[CdH2-2]4)[CdH-2]7[S+2]34[CdH2-2] [SH+2]2[CdH2-2]8
Properties
CdS
Molar mass 144.47 g·mol−1
Appearance Yellow-orange to brown solid.
Density 4.826 g/cm3, solid.
Melting point 1,750 °C (3,180 °F; 2,020 K) 10 MPa
Boiling point 980 °C (1,800 °F; 1,250 K) (sublimation)
insoluble[1]
Solubility soluble in acid
very slightly soluble in ammonium hydroxide
Band gap 2.42 eV
-50.0·10−6 cm3/mol
2.529
Structure
Hexagonal, Cubic
Thermochemistry
65 J·mol−1·K−1[2]
−162 kJ·mol−1[2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS07: Exclamation markGHS08: Health hazard
Danger
H302, H341, H350, H361, H372, H413
P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P273, P281, P301+P312, P308+P313, P314, P330, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
0
0
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
7080 mg/kg (rat, oral)
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 [1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd)[3]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca[3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [9 mg/m3 (as Cd)][3]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0404
Related compounds
Other anions
 Cadmium oxide
Cadmium selenide
Cadmium telluride
Other cations
 Zinc sulfide
Mercury sulfide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Cadmium sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula CdS. Cadmium sulfide is a yellow salt.[4] It occurs in nature with two different crystal structures as the rare minerals greenockite and hawleyite, but is more prevalent as an impurity substituent in the similarly structured zinc ores sphalerite and wurtzite, which are the major economic sources of cadmium. As a compound that is easy to isolate and purify, it is the principal source of cadmium for all commercial applications.[4] Its vivid yellow color led to its adoption as a pigment for the yellow paint "cadmium yellow" in the 1800s.

  1. ^ Lide, David R. (1998). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 4–67, 1363. ISBN 978-0-8493-0594-8.
  2. ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A21. ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7.
  3. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0087". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ a b Egon Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman (2001) Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier ISBN 0-12-352651-5