Campo de Calatrava

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Campo de Calatrava is a comarca in the province of Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain. Ciudad Real, the provincial capital, belongs to the Campo de Calatrava.

A Denominación de Origen for olive oil takes its name from the comarca. There are olive groves in sixteen of the municipios, mainly containing a cultivar called cornicabra.^[1] Vineyards and crops of barley are also common to the area.^[2] Saffron is another crop cultivated in the area.^[3]

The relief consists of sedimentary plains interspersed by small Appalachian folds, likewise distinctly featuring remains of volcanic activity.^[4]

Historically, the area is connected to the Order of Calatrava, founded in 1158 to defend the fortress of Calatrava.^[5] Calatrava had past to Christian control about a decade earlier, in 1147.^[6] The Calatravan order lost their stronghold and the entire Campo de Calatrava to Almohads after the 1195 battle of Alarcos.^[7] The Campo de Calatrava (with the exception of the fortresses of Dueñas and Salvatierra) was seized by a Christian army on its way south in 1212 in the context of the Battle of Navas de Tolosa.^[8] Calatrava was ensuingly returned to the Order of Calatrava,^[9] who nonetheless transferred their seat to Calatrava la Nueva towards 1214.^[10]